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首页> 外文会议>SME annual meeting >USE OF GEOLOGIC PARAMETERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-GRADE COPPER RESERVES, SILVER BELL MINE, AZ
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USE OF GEOLOGIC PARAMETERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-GRADE COPPER RESERVES, SILVER BELL MINE, AZ

机译：利用地质参数开发低品位铜矿（亚利桑那州贝尔贝尔矿）

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Silver Bell produces about 22,000T of fine copper annually from low-grade chalcocite and oxidized copper ore that is recovered by sulfuric acid leaching and SX-EW processing. The current mineable reserves are 146 million short tons averaging 0.39% Cu, at a 0.15% cutoff. Silver Bell utilizes two types of mining methods to develop the low-grade reserves: (1) a conventional blast, load and haul method for run-of-mine leach ore, and (2) rubblization of material on the margins of existing pits. Rubble leach ore is blasted, terraced with a bulldozer, and leached in place. Mining and/or rubble leaching is currently active in four separate pits.Laramide-age intrusive rocks host porphyry copper mineralization at Silver Bell. Quartz monzonite porphyry dikes and stocks, mafic-poor equigranular granite (alaskite), and sub-volcanic dacite porphyry are the predominant host rocks. Most of the ore currently mined comes from near-horizontal enrichment zones containing veinlets and disseminated grains of pyrite and chalcopyrite rimmed by chalcocite.Conversion from a milling operation to a leach only operation allowed for a much lower cutoff grade than was historically used at Silver Bell. Mine geologists were able to increase copper resources by drilling exploration targets that were previously interpreted to provide lower-grade mineralization below cutoff-grade for milling. Geologic parameters that effect the distribution of rubble and mineable leach ore include: ore grade and thickness, variable alteration styles in intrusive host rocks that affect fragmentation during blasting, acid consuming carbonate wallrocks (reactive skarn) which influence leach solution pH, solution flow paths and drainage, presence of leachable oxide mineralization in non-reactive skarn, and depth to hypogene mineralization which is currently uneconomic. Geologic parameters are used to predict rubble bench limits, vary blast hole spacing for consistent fragmentation, and correct errors in mineral zone classification based solely on blast hole assays. An expansion-drilling program has identified approximately 150 million tons of new leachable copper resources with an average grade of 0.35% Cu.
机译：Silver Bell每年从低品位辉绿岩和氧化铜矿中生产约22,000T细铜，然后通过硫酸浸出和SX-EW工艺回收。当前的可开采储量为1.46亿短吨，平均Cu含量为0.39％，截止品位为0.15％。银钟矿利用两种采矿方法来开发低品位储量：（1）一种常规的爆炸，装载和运输方法，用于开采矿渣的浸出矿石;（2）在现有矿坑的边缘对材料进行碎石化。瓦砾浸出矿石经喷砂处理，用推土机进行梯田处理，然后沥滤到位。采矿和/或碎石浸出目前在四个独立的矿井中进行。 拉拉米德时代的侵入岩在银钟（Silver Bell）斑岩铜矿化。石英辉石斑岩和储层，镁铁质贫化等粒花岗岩（sk石）和次火山岩达菲岩斑岩是主要的宿主岩。目前开采的大多数矿石来自近水平的富集区，该富集区含有细矿脉以及散布有球墨石的黄铁矿和黄铜矿的散布颗粒。 从铣削操作转换为仅浸出操作可以使截止品位比以往在银铃厂使用的截止品位低得多。矿山地质学家能够通过钻探勘探目标来增加铜资源，这些勘探目标先前被解释为在铣削的临界品位以下可提供较低品位的矿化作用。影响瓦砾和可开采浸出矿石分布的地质参数包括：矿石品位和厚度，侵入性主岩中的变化蚀变方式，这些因素会影响爆破过程中的碎裂，影响酸浸液pH值，消耗液流路和消耗酸的碳酸盐岩壁（反应性矽卡岩）。排水，非反应性矽卡岩中存在可浸出氧化物的矿化作用以及目前尚不经济的表皮成矿深度。地质参数可用于预测碎石台限，改变爆破孔间距以实现一致的碎裂，以及仅根据爆破孔分析来纠正矿物区域分类中的错误。一项扩展钻探计划已确定了约1.5亿吨平均铜品位为0.35％的新可浸出铜资源。

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