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首页> 外文会议>AIChE spring meeting;Global congress on process safety >Using Conduct of Operations Principles to Improve Human Performance Under Challenging Economic Conditions
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Using Conduct of Operations Principles to Improve Human Performance Under Challenging Economic Conditions

机译：在严峻的经济形势下，运用行为准则提高员工绩效

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For the past several decades, many facilities in the process industries have been reducingstaffing, particularly among operators, craftspersons, and first-line supervisors. Gone are thewidely recognized but rarely quantified safeguards that help prevent human error such as (1)highly experienced personnel, (2) first-line supervisors who have “seen it all,” and (3) staffinglevels that are flexible enough to accommodate nonroutine operations. In today’s economicenvironment, first-line supervisors are often asked to take on additional work groups,experienced operators are asked to take early retirement with no plans to fill the knowledge gap,and staffing levels are reduced to the point where anything beyond normal/planned operationscan lead to unacceptable risk. As the baby-boomer generation nears retirement and globaleconomic pressures mount, these trends are likely to accelerate.Clearly, there is no silver bullet to address this issue. However, one part of the solution is tomake operations more systematic, predictable, and reliable. Conduct of operations (ConOps) isthe execution of operational and management tasks in a deliberate and structured manner. Itinstitutionalizes human reliability and strives to minimize variations in performance. Aneffective ConOps program will help individuals in a “scaled-down” organization make betterdecisions and fewer errors, and reduce the likelihood and severity of incidents.This paper addresses some of the ConOps principles that will be included in the Center forChemical Process Safety’s (CCPS’s) upcoming book on this topic. The paper describes howConOps principles have been applied at a pharmaceutical plant where, over the past two years,there has been a significant reduction in throughput, resulting in a corresponding reduction instaffing. The paper discusses what has been done and what is being planned to ensure that thegoal of reducing fixed costs does not adversely impact stringent demands for maintainingprocess safety performance and product quality standards.
机译：在过去的几十年中，过程工业中的许多设施都在减少 人员配备，尤其是操作员，工艺师和一线主管之间的人员配备。去了 公认的但很少量化的保护措施，有助于防止人为错误，例如（1） 经验丰富的人员，（2）一看就知道的一线主管和（3）人员配备 足够灵活以适应非常规操作的级别。在当今的经济形势下 在环境中，通常要求一线主管担任其他工作组， 要求经验丰富的运营商提前退休，而没有计划填补知识空缺， 和人员配置水平降低到超出正常/计划运行的水平 可能会导致无法接受的风险。随着婴儿潮一代即将退休和全球化 经济压力越来越大，这些趋势可能会加速。 显然，没有解决这个问题的灵丹妙药。但是，解决方案的一部分是 使操作更加系统，可预测和可靠。进行操作（ConOps）是 以有计划和有条理的方式执行运营和管理任务。它 使人的可靠性制度化，并努力将性能差异降到最低。一个 有效的ConOps计划将帮助“精简”组织中的个人做得更好 决策和更少的错误，并减少事件的可能性和严重性。 本文介绍了一些ConOps原则，这些原则将包含在以下内容中： 即将出版的有关此主题的化学过程安全（CCPS）书。本文介绍了如何 在过去两年中，ConOps原则已应用于制药厂， 吞吐量显着降低，导致相应的 人员配备。该文件讨论了已完成的工作和正在计划的工作，以确保 降低固定成本的目标不会对维护的严格要求产生不利影响 工艺安全性能和产品质量标准。

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