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Implementation of Cyberinfrastructure and Multiple Technology Platforms for Water Resources Management: The North Slope Decision Support System

机译：水资源管理的网络基础设施和多种技术平台的实施：北坡决策支持系统

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This paper will describe the technological aspects of the North Slope Decision Support System (NSDSS) a project currently underway to develop a water resources management solution in support of oil and gas exploration on the North Slope. Sponsored by the Department of Energy, the NSDSS will consist of an information system, software tools for decisions support, and methodologies for facilitating stakeholder involvement in the decision making process. The NSDSS is initially focused on the process of constructing ice roads across the tundra using water in North Slope lakes. Envisioned as a framework for general water resources planning on the North Slope, the NSDSS will not only apply to the water management issues considered here, but will also be applicable to broader environmental management issues and industry development applications. The NSDSS consists of (1) a cyberinfrastructure (CI) composed of a network of federated databases, and (2) a MS Silverlight based web portal tool (NSDSS.net) that allows for easy data exploration, publishing, water quality and quantity analysis, and ice road planning. The CI contains databases of GIS, field observation time series, net-CDF file based General Circulation model results, and user-created models that work with these input data. Using NSDSS.net, users can explore and publish data, create models of water quality and quantity, and assess the impact of proposed ice road alignments in terms of important stakeholder criteria. Among the innovations necessary to implement these features have been methods for serving data from multiple databases in a unified system. This requires 1) semantic mediation to allow "natural language" queries of federated databases, 2) coincident handling of point and grid datasets, 3) unit mediation to convert raw data from its base units to common units for analysis, 4) automated time series processing to ensure time series are converted to the correct interval and statistic from their database source, and 5) ensuring data security in a shared technology framework. Additional innovations include 1) user friendly and power data exploration and publishing tools, 2) a model database, to which users can publish their models for review and re-use, and 3) new web services for checking the acceptability of targeted ice road routes in terms of their likelihood of disturbing endangered species such as polar bears during their denning process.
机译：本文将描述北坡决策支持系统（NSDSS）的技术方面，该项目目前正在进行中，旨在开发水资源管理解决方案以支持北坡的油气勘探。 NSDSS由能源部赞助，将包括一个信息系统，用于决策支持的软件工具，以及促进利益相关者参与决策过程的方法。 NSDSS最初侧重于利用北坡湖中的水在冻原上修建冰路的过程。 NSDSS被设想为北坡总体水资源规划的框架，不仅将适用于此处考虑的水管理问题，还将适用于更广泛的环境管理问题和行业发展应用。 NSDSS包括（1）由联邦数据库网络组成的网络基础架构（CI），以及（2）基于MS Silverlight的Web门户工具（NSDSS.net），可轻松进行数据探索，发布，水质和水质分析，以及冰路规划。 CI包含GIS数据库，现场观测时间序列，基于net-CDF文件的General Circulation模型结果以及与这些输入数据配合使用的用户创建的模型。用户可以使用NSDSS.net浏览和发布数据，创建水质和水量模型，并根据重要的利益相关者标准评估拟议的冰路调整的影响。实现这些功能所必需的创新之一是在统一系统中为来自多个数据库的数据提供服务的方法。这需要1）语义中介，以允许对联邦数据库进行“自然语言”查询; 2）同时处理点和网格数据集; 3）单位中介，将原始数据从其基本单位转换为通用单位以进行分析; 4）自动时间序列进行处理以确保将时间序列从其数据库源转换为正确的时间间隔和统计信息; 5）在共享技术框架中确保数据安全。其他创新包括：1）用户友好和强大的数据探索和发布工具; 2）模型数据库，用户可以在该数据库中发布其模型以供审查和重复使用; 3）新的Web服务，用于检查目标冰路路线的可接受性就它们在定型过程中干扰北极熊等濒危物种的可能性而言。

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