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Combined Use of AERMOD and ArcGIS Methods for Human Health Risk Assessment

机译：结合使用AERMOD和ArcGIS方法进行人类健康风险评估

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Recent modeling studies conducted by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in support of Section 112 of the Clean Air Act address stage two of the development of Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standards. The first stage of MACT development required the review of technology-based alternatives to develop such emission standards. The second phase of MACT development requires EPA to assess the health and environmental risks that remain after implementation of the first stage technology-based standards. This second stage is called the residual risk stage. For each designated industry, EPA has or will conduct a residual risk analysis to assess whether any health or environmental risks remain. To perform this analysis, EPA has chosen to use the Human Exposure Model (HEM-3), Version 1.3.0, in association with the regulatory model AERMOD. In performing such analysis HEM-3 performs three main functions including the atmospheric dispersion modeling, estimation of individual human exposures, and estimation of population risks in the vicinity of a facility. This paper provides the overview of a methodology that emulates the HEM-3 risk analysis but using a combination of ArcGIS tools and AERMOD. ArcGIS has direct access to data basis like the U.S. Census Bureau and is very well refined in its selection and use of coordinates as well as data handling, calculation, and combined use of these georeferenced data systems. In addition to an overview of the methodology, example cases are developed and shown demonstrating the simplicity, usefulness, and accuracy of the techniques. Comparisons to EPA's HEM-3 analyses are made to demonstrate the viability of the techniques.
机译：美国环境保护署（EPA）为支持《清洁空气法》第112条而进行的最新建模研究涉及最大可实现控制技术（MACT）标准制定的第二阶段。 MACT开发的第一阶段需要对基于技术的替代方案进行审查，以制定此类排放标准。 MACT开发的第二阶段要求EPA评估在实施基于第一阶段技术的标准后仍然存在的健康和环境风险。第二阶段称为剩余风险阶段。对于每个指定的行业，EPA都会进行或将进行残留风险分析，以评估是否还存在任何健康或环境风险。为了执行此分析，EPA已选择将人类暴露模型（HEM-3）版本1.3.0与监管模型AERMOD结合使用。在执行此类分析时，HEM-3执行三个主要功能，包括大气扩散建模，单个人的暴露估计以及设施附近的人口风险估计。本文概述了一种模拟HEM-3风险分析但结合使用ArcGIS工具和AERMOD的方法。 ArcGIS可以直接访问数据基础（例如美国人口普查局），并且在选择和使用坐标以及数据处理，计算和这些地理参考数据系统的组合使用方面非常完善。除了方法概述以外，还开发并显示了示例案例，这些案例说明了该技术的简单性，实用性和准确性。与EPA的HEM-3分析进行了比较，以证明该技术的可行性。

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