Based on the spectral analysis technology, agronomic parameter estimation which can obtain information on crop growth and nutrition, is efficient technology guarantee for the development of precision agriculture. On the basis of introducing the crop spectral theory, from mechanism model, experience and mechanism combination model, empirical model three parts, the research progress on agronomic parameter estimation by spectral analysis technology was discussed in detail, and the characteristics of various models were pointed out. In future, model optimization on the internal level and level of smoothness of leaves should be strengthened, and the range of crops and the amount of data collected also should be increased, to expand the applicability of the model and improve the prediction accuracy of agronomic parameter.
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