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>Numerical Simulation of Water and Sand Blowout When Drilling through Shallow Water Flow Sediments during Deepwater Drilling
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Numerical Simulation of Water and Sand Blowout When Drilling through Shallow Water Flow Sediments during Deepwater Drilling
A geological model of typical shallow water flow (SWF) sediment in deepwater basins is constructed based on its basic characteristics, and a reservoir simulation model is then established that incorporates two-phase flow as the basis for the simulation of water and sand blowout process during penetrating SWF formations. The model assumes that sands can start flowing along with water at a critical pressure difference when drilling through SWF formations. The cumulative water and sand blowout as SWF formations are penetrated are calculated and the influencing factors, such as SWF zone size, overpressure factor of SWF formations and penetration rate, are incorporated into the model to quantitatively analyze their impacts on the water and sand blowout from SWF zones. The data are useful for the assessment of the severity of SWF hazards. The results show that the cumulative water blowout and sand blowout will be as high as 100m3 and 1m3, respectively, when a typical SWF sediment is totally penetrated. SWF formation overpressure factor has a remarkable effect on SWF blowout, while SWF zone size has more moderate effects. However, the effects of SWF sediment size are expected to become increasingly significant as time proceeds. 10% increase of overpressure factor of SWF formation will result in around 90% increase of cumulative water blowout and 150% increase of cumulative sand blowout after the SWF zone is totally penetrated, while 10% increase of SWF zone size will lead to about 20% elevation of cumulative water blowout and 25% ascending of cumulative sand blowout. The water and sand blowout can be effectively reduced while increasing the penetration rate, which indicates that elevating the penetration rate can be a useful measure for the control of SWF hazards during deepwater drilling operations.
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