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Influence of Slope Morphology on the Stability of Earthen Slopes

机译：边坡形态对土质边坡稳定性的影响

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摘要

Slope morphology or surface topography greatly affects the stability of slopes with regard to both surficial erosion and mass wasting. Topographic parameters normally considered in estimating soil erosion losses and calculating short-term mass stability include inclination and length of slope. Most engineered or man-made slopes are planar in form with an unvarying, down-slope gradient and little, if any, plan-form curvature. Natural slopes do not typically exhibit planar slope faces with uniform, un-varying gradients. Instead natural slopes manifest a variety of complex slope forms and profiles. Slopes that start out with planar topography also tend to evolve over time into equilibrium shapes that seldom are entirely planar. This paper describes conceptual and mathematical models, as well as the results of laboratory tests and field observations, that can be used to determine the effect of slope shape on both mass stability and resistance to rainfall erosion. The results of these analyses and observations show that concave slope profiles appear to be more stable and generate less sediment than uniform, planar slopes. These findings are consistent with conceptual models and they also accord with results of computer modeling of soil erosion on slopes with irregular shapes.
机译：坡度的形态或表面地形在表面侵蚀和大量浪费方面都极大地影响了坡度的稳定性。在估算土壤侵蚀损失和计算短期质量稳定性时通常考虑的地形参数包括倾斜度和坡度。大多数工程或人为的斜坡都是平整的，坡度不变，下坡度很小，如果有的话，平面曲率也很小。自然坡度通常不会显示出具有均匀，不变的坡度的平面坡面。取而代之的是，自然斜坡表现出各种复杂的斜坡形式和轮廓。从平面形貌开始的斜坡也会随着时间的流逝逐渐演变成很少是完全平面的平衡形状。本文介绍了概念模型和数学模型，以及实验室测试和现场观察的结果，可用于确定边坡形状对质量稳定性和抗降雨侵蚀性的影响。这些分析和观察的结果表明，与均匀的平面坡度相比，凹面坡度轮廓似乎更稳定并且产生的沉积物更少。这些发现与概念模型是一致的，并且也与具有不规则形状的斜坡上的土壤侵蚀的计算机建模结果相符。

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    《Geo-Congress》|2013年|1902-1911|共10页
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    D.H. Gray;

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