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Sensor noise measurement in the presence of a flickering illumination

机译：灯光闪烁时的传感器噪声测量

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摘要

Raw data from a digital imaging sensor are impaired by a heteroscedastic noise, the variance of pixel intensity linearly depending on the expected value. The most natural way of estimating the variance and the expected value at a given pixel is certainly empirical estimation from the variations along a stack of images of any static scene acquired at different times under the same camera setting. However, the relation found between the sample variance and the sample expectation is actually not linear, especially in the presence of a flickering illumination. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a theoretical model of this phenomenon shows that the linear relation changes into a quadratic one. Second, an algorithm is designed, which not only gives the parameters of the expected linear relation, but also the whole set of parameters governing an image formation, namely the gain, the offset and the readout noise. The rolling shutter effect is also considered.
机译：来自数字成像传感器的原始数据会受到异方差噪声的损害，像素强度的方差线性取决于期望值。估计给定像素上的方差和期望值的最自然的方法当然是根据同一相机设置下在不同时间获取的任何静态场景的图像堆栈的变化进行经验估计。但是，在样本方差与样本期望值之间发现的关系实际上不是线性的，尤其是在存在闪烁照明的情况下。本文的贡献是双重的。首先，这种现象的理论模型表明线性关系变为二次关系。其次，设计一种算法，该算法不仅给出预期线性关系的参数，而且给出控制图像形成的整个参数集，即增益，偏移和读出噪声。还考虑了卷帘快门效果。

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