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Two-level hierarchical traffic control for heterogeneous urban networks

机译：异构城市网络的两级分层流量控制

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摘要

Field and simulation traffic data reveal that for some urban networks a well-defined Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) exists, that provides a unimodal and low-scatter relationship between the network vehicle accumulation and outflow. Recent studies demonstrate that link density heterogeneity plays a significant role in the shape and scatter level of MFD and can cause hysteresis loops that deteriorate the network performance. This paper introduces a hierarchical perimeter flow control structure consisting of a high-level controller based on the model predictive control approach, where the prediction model is an aggregated parsimonious region-based MFD model and the plant is a detailed subregion-based MFD model. At the lower level, a feedback controller tries to maximize the outflow of critical regions by increasing their homogeneity. The hierarchical perimeter controller operates on the border between urban regions and manipulate the percentages of flows that transfer between the subregions such that the network delay is minimized and the distribution of congestion is more homogeneous. The proposed framework succeeds to increase network flows and decrease the hysteresis loop of the MFD compared to the existing perimeter controllers that are without heterogeneity controller.
机译：现场和模拟交通数据显示，对于某些城市网络，存在定义明确的宏观基本原理图（MFD），它在网络车辆的积蓄和流出之间提供了单峰和低散度的关系。最近的研究表明，链路密度异质性在MFD的形状和散布级别中起着重要作用，并且可能导致磁滞回线，从而降低网络性能。本文介绍了一种基于模型预测控制方法的，由高级控制器组成的分层外围流控制结构，其中，预测模型是基于聚集简约区域的MFD模型，而工厂是基于子区域的详细MFD模型。在较低的级别上，反馈控制器试图通过提高关键区域的均匀性来最大化其流出。分层边界控制器在城市区域之间的边界上操作，并控制在子区域之间传输的流量的百分比，以使网络延迟最小化，并且拥塞的分布更加均匀。与没有异构控制器的现有外围控制器相比，所提出的框架成功地增加了网络流量并减少了MFD的磁滞回线。

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