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Snow depth variations estimated from three-frequency GPS interferometric reflectometry

机译：根据三频GPS干涉反射法估算的雪深变化

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摘要

Nowadays, GPS multipath can be used to estimate snow depth, soil moisture and vegetation growth using signal-noise to radio (SNR) data. Particularly with the modernization of GPS, one new signal, called L5, has been broadcasted by Block IIF satellites, the combination of three-frequency (L1, L2 and L5) observations may help remove the ionospheric delay errors and obtain better multipath signals. In this paper, the pseudorange and phase multipath are extracted from three-frequency GPS pseudorange and phase combinations at GANP station in Slovakia with available co-located snow data, which are used to estimate snow depth variations based on the GPS Multipath Refletometry (GPS-MR) theory. Snow depth estimations from three-frequency GPS pseudorange combinations are compared with in-situ observations, which shows a correlation of 0.83 and RMSE of 0.11m, while results from three-frequency GPS phase combinations have a little better correlation of 0.86 and RMSE of 0.08m. However, the results from dual-frequency (L1 and L2) combinations have a much lower correlation of 0.64 and larger RMSE of 0.16m. Therefore, it is better to estimate snow depth using three-frequency combinations than double-frequency measurements.
机译：如今，GPS多径可用于使用信噪比（SNR）数据来估计积雪深度，土壤湿度和植被生长。特别是随着GPS的现代化，Block IIF卫星已经广播了一个称为L5的新信号，三频（L1，L2和L5）观测值的结合可以帮助消除电离层延迟误差并获得更好的多径信号。本文利用可用的同一地点的积雪数据，从斯洛伐克GANP站的三频GPS伪距和相位组合中提取了伪距和相位多径，用于基于GPS多径Refletometry（GPS- MR）理论。将三频GPS伪距组合的积雪深度估计值与原位观测值进行了比较，结果显示相关性为0.83，RMSE为0.11m，而三频GPS相位组合的结果具有更好的相关性0.86，RMSE为0.08米但是，双频（L1和L2）组合得到的结果的相关性低得多，为0.64，而RMSE较大，为0.16m。因此，与双频测量相比，使用三频组合估算积雪深度更好。

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