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Mars-Moons Exploration, Reconnaissance, and Landed Investigation (MERLIN)

机译：火星月亮探索，侦察和着陆调查（MERLIN）

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MERLIN, the Mars-Moons Exploration, Reconnaissance and Landed Investigation, is a concept for the first mission to land on the Martian moon Phobos and the first U.S. mission to conduct an in situ investigation of a D-type body typical of the outer solar system. Understanding Phobos and Deimos provides key information for understanding the history and evolution of our solar system and drives MERLIN's combined orbital and landed mission design. MERLIN would perform 9 months of orbital reconnaissance of Phobos and Deimos, characterizing their geology and a landing site on Phobos. Once landed, MERLIN would perform 90 days of complementary measurements of chemical and mineralogic composition. Phobos' size and mass provide a low-risk landing environment for a small-body lander. Controlled descent is so slow that the landing can be rehearsed and even repeated, yet gravity is high enough that surface operations do not require anchoring. Imaging of Phobos from past missions demonstrates the existence of regions suitable for landing and provides knowledge for planning the orbital and landed investigations. MERLIN's dual orbital and landed data would deliver seminal science directly traceable to NASA's Strategic Goals and Objectives, NASA's Science Plan, and Decadal Survey goals, while simultaneously closing strategic knowledge gaps (SKGs) to prepare for future human exploration. MERLIN's landed compositional measurements would unravel the origin of Mars' moons, addressing the goal to understand how solar system objects formed and evolved. MERLIN would determine the inventory of prebiotic materials on Phobos, addressing the goal focused on the distribution of volatiles and organics across the solar system, and the origin and requirements of life. MERLIN's high-resolution images during low flyovers would investigate processes that affect the local regolith and provide geologic context for landed measurements. MERLIN would characterize the geology, surface regolith, and- internal structure of Mars' moons, addressing the goal to understand processes that shape planetary bodies, and how those processes operate and interact. MERLIN's combined remote and landed investigations would deliver pioneering data about Phobos, characterizing an object on the flexible path for human exploration.
机译：MERLIN是火星月球的探索，侦察和登陆研究，是首次登陆火星探测器火卫一的任务，也是美国首次对外部太阳系典型的D型天体进行原位研究的概念。了解火卫一和地魔提供了有关了解太阳系的历史和演化的关键信息，并推动了MERLIN的轨道和着陆任务组合设计。 MERLIN将对火卫一和狄莫斯进行9个月的轨道侦查，以表征其地质和火卫一上的着陆点。降落后，MERLIN将执行90天的化学和矿物组成互补测量。火卫一的体积和质量为小型着陆器提供了低风险的着陆环境。控制下降速度如此之慢，以至于可以对着陆进行预演甚至重复，但是重力足够高，以至于地面作业不需要锚定。过去任务中的火卫一成像显示存在适合降落的区域，并为规划轨道和着陆调查提供了知识。 MERLIN的双轨道和着陆数据将提供可直接追溯到NASA战略目标和目标，NASA科学计划和十年调查目标的开创性科学，同时缩小战略知识差距（SKG），为未来的人类探索做准备。 MERLIN着陆的成分测量结果将揭示火星卫星的起源，从而达到了解太阳系物体如何形成和演化的目标。 MERLIN将确定火卫一上的益生元材料的清单，以解决针对整个太阳能系统中挥发物和有机物的分布以及生命起源和需求的目标。 MERLIN在低飞越期间的高分辨率图像将调查影响局部泥石流的过程，并为着陆测量提供地质背景。 MERLIN可以描述火星卫星的地质，地表重石和内部结构，以了解了解塑造行星体的过程以及这些过程如何运作和相互作用的目标为目标。 MERLIN结合远程和陆上调查将提供有关火卫一的开创性数据，从而在人类探索的灵活路径上表征物体。

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