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To search for life, do it right!

机译：要寻找生活，就做对！

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In pursuing astrobiological studies of the other worlds of the solar system, tremendous investments are made and risks are taken to enable appropriate platforms (chiefly in the form of robotic landers and rovers) to access locations that have information about extraterrestrial life, its precursors and remnants. Those risks are taken and costs incurred either to enable a suite of measurements about the target body to be taken in situ, or to enable the return of pristine sample material to Earth for further study (and so that measurements can be taken) by teams of scientists here. Not surprisingly, those measurements can contribute to astrobiological understanding only if when they are made they reflect conditions on the target body itself, and do not waste the opportunity by studying Earth-source contamination, instead. As such, astrobiology studies on distant worlds require planetary protection and contamination control requirements to be met to avoid wasting money and time, and taking risks to study material that can be found on Earth itself. Because these requirements involve additional funding, and because they can introduce additional complexity into mission design and operations, there can be resistance to meeting those requirements on the part of mission designers and project personnel, despite the potential absurdity of going to pristine locations to measure self-sourced contamination. Some of this resistance can be traced to concerns about component performance and instrument sensitivity, complexed with the negative effects on performance and increases in risk that result from piecemeal attempts to accomplish planetary protection objectives within a spacecraft design ¿¿¿ resulting in an attendant skepticism about the solutions thereby implemented. It is important to assess the planetary protection and contamination control requirements associated with astrobiologically significant targets for exploration missions, and examine the benefits of whole-system plan- tary protection solutions versus piecemeal attempts to meet the same requirements. It will be seen that for most such targets, their in situ study and sample retrieval are far better served, with less cost and reduced risk, when whole-system design approaches are taken. Such approaches are increasingly required as the astrobiological targets become better known, and the capabilities of Earth organisms to contaminate them is better understood.
机译：在进行太阳系其他世界的占星生物学研究时，进行了巨额投资并承担了使适当平台（主要是机器人着陆器和漫游车的形式）能够进入具有有关外星生命，其前体和残余物信息的位置的风险。 。承担这些风险并招致成本，以使就位目标的一系列测量能够就地进行，或者使原始样品材料返回地球以进行进一步研究（以便进行测量）。这里的科学家。毫不奇怪，这些测量只有在它们反映目标物体本身的状况并且不通过研究地源污染而浪费机会的情况下，才有助于对天体生物学的理解。因此，对遥远世界的天体生物学研究要求满足行星保护和污染控制的要求，以避免浪费金钱和时间，并冒着风险研究可能在地球上发现的物质。由于这些要求涉及额外的资金，并且由于它们可能使任务的设计和运营增加额外的复杂性，因此尽管去原始位置进行自我测量可能会很荒谬，但任务设计人员和项目人员可能无法满足这些要求。污染。这种抵抗力中的一些可以归因于对部件性能和仪器灵敏度的关注，再加上对性能的负面影响以及由于在航天器设计中为实现行星保护目标而进行的零碎尝试而导致的风险增加。解决方案由此得以实施。重要的是评估与探索任务具有天文生物学意义的目标相关的行星保护和污染控制要求，并检查整个系统的行星保护解决方案与零碎的尝试来满足相同要求的好处。可以看出，对于大多数这样的目标，采用全系统设计方法时，它们的原位研究和样品检索效果更好，成本更低，风险更低。随着对天体生物学目标的了解越来越多，人们对这种方法的要求也越来越高，人们对地球生物污染它们的能力也越来越了解。

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