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首页> 外文会议>ASME international mechanical engineering congress and exposition >ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IN THE DESIGN OF AN ENGINE AIR PARTICLE SEPARATOR
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ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IN THE DESIGN OF AN ENGINE AIR PARTICLE SEPARATOR

机译：发动机空气颗粒分离器设计中的增材制造

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Engine air particle separators are an important technology for aircraft operating in dusty environments. Using either vorticity or inertia to separate particles from the airstream entering the engine staves off premature filter failure that can compromise mission performance. While a body of literature exists on engine air particle separators, it is widely recognized that their design is significantly constrained by traditional manufacturing methods, and that this limits the generation of experimental data available to develop further insight into their design. Computational fluid dynamics can provide a starting point, but such simulations of complex, turbulent, particle-laden flow require considerable time and extensive computing resources while carrying no guarantee of accuracy. Additive manufacturing offers an attractive solution. It is capable of producing complex geometries quickly and economically, facilitating rapid design iteration and generation of experimental data. This work, sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory, focuses on the design of an engine air particle separator for use on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The sponsor's dual intent was to advance engine air particle separator design and, more importantly, showcase the capabilities of additive manufacturing in the design development process for aerospace components. Free from manufacturing constraints, novel particle separator designs were considered. Using computational fluid dynamics to evaluate non-laden flow characteristics such as pressure drop, these designs were evaluated and compared to more conventional inertial and vortex designs. From this analysis a hybrid design that combines features of both the inertial and vortex separators was chosen for testing. Using the fan from a wind tunnel as a source of flow, a custom test section was created and instrumented that included an upstream particle injection system and separate flow paths for clean and dirty air (which in and of itself is geometrically complex and was fabricated using additive manufacturing). Although experiments are ongoing, one interesting result has already emerged. One particular design parameter from the literature for inertial particle separators is the ratio of the axial to radial distance between the splitter and the hump (or, the peak of the inner body) as measured from the central axis. This ratio is essentially a measure of the severity of the flow deflection for which other authors have suggested a "rule of thumb" for its proportions. Our results show that this rule may also be extended to some hybrid particle separators (such as the one examined in this work), where vorticity is introduced upstream of the hump. This project has demonstrated the power of additive manufacturing in product design and development. Its near limitless geometric possibilities allowed the team to examine areas of the design space that were previously unexplored. Further, after developing the test bed, the team demonstrated the ability to complete a full design iteration in one day -testing in the morning, analyzing results and designing the next prototype in the afternoon, and printing the next prototype overnight.
机译：发动机空气颗粒分离器是在多尘环境中运行的飞机的重要技术。使用涡流或惯性将粒子与进入发动机的流动柱子关闭过早的过滤器故障，这可能会损害任务性能。虽然发动机空气粒子分离器存在一体的文献，但众所周知，它们的设计受到传统制造方法的显着限制，这限制了可用于开发进一步洞察其设计的实验数据的产生。计算流体动力学可以提供起点，但是这种复杂的湍流，粒子流程的模拟需要相当多的时间和广泛的计算资源，同时不保证准确性。添加剂制造提供有吸引力的解决方案。它能够快速和经济地生产复杂的几何形状，促进快速设计迭代和实验数据的产生。这项工作由空军研究实验室赞助，重点介绍了用于无人驾驶飞行器的发动机空气颗粒分离器的设计。赞助商的双重意图是推进发动机空气粒子分离器设计，更重要的是，更重要的是，在航空航天部件的设计开发过程中展示添加剂制造的能力。没有制造限制，考虑了新型粒子分离器设计。使用计算流体动力学来评估不加载的流量特性，例如压降，这些设计被评估并与更传统的惯性和涡流设计进行比较。从该分析中，选择结合惯性和涡旋分离器的特征的混合设计用于测试。使用来自风洞的风扇作为流动源，创建和仪器的自定义测试部分，包括上游粒子注射系统和用于清洁和脏空气的单独流动路径（其本身在几何上是几何复杂的，并且使用添加剂制造）。虽然实验正在进行，但已经出现了一个有趣的结果。从惯性粒子分离器的文献中的一个特定设计参数是轴向与从中心轴线测量的分离器和驼峰之间的径向距离（或内部主体的峰值）的比率。该比率基本上是衡量其他作者为其比例提出“拇指规则”的流动偏转的严重程度的衡量标准。我们的结果表明，该规则也可以扩展到一些混合颗粒分离器（例如在该工作中检查的颗粒），其中涡流在驼峰的上游引入。该项目展示了产品设计和开发中添加剂制造的力量。它近乎限制的几何可能性使得团队能够检查以前未开发的设计空间的区域。此外，在开发测试床之后，该团队展示了在一天内完成全部设计迭代的能力 - 在早晨，分析结果并在下午设计下一个原型，并在一夜之间打印下一个原型。

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