Computer modeling and simulations on the crashworthiness of aircraft using validated models have provided insight into the energy-absorption characteristics of structures and have allowed parametric studies in the evaluation of different crash energy management designs. In this study, the dynamic responses of a detailed and simplified full-size, and scaled fuselage models in vertical impact are investigated. The detailed full-size model, constructed from a Boeing 737 mid-fuselage section, consists of a stiff auxiliary fuel tank and a cargo door. The detailed full-size model is dropped from a height of 4.26 m (14 ft) onto a rigid surface, which corresponds to a vertical impact speed of 9.14 m/s (30 ft/s). The drop simulations are performed using the non-linear explicit code, LS-DYNA. Correlation of the detailed full-size model with the physical test conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration is demonstrated. Scale modeling technique applied to the aircraft fuselage section is utilized and for scaling purposes, a simplified full-size model is constructed without the auxiliary fuel tank and cargo door. The crash responses of the simplified full-size models in relation to the detailed full-size model are shown and discussed. The scaling approach involves geometrical scaling of the simplified full-size model with scale factors of 1/5th, 1/10th and 1/20th. The vertical impact simulations of the scaled models are carried with identical impact speed as that of the detailed full-size model. General scaling laws for geometry, mass, velocity, acceleration and forces are utilized to predict the results for the scaled models. The approach and results presented in this study have demonstrated an efficient and innovative method on the design and crashworthiness of a fuselage section.
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机译：使用经过验证的模型对飞机的耐撞性进行计算机建模和仿真，可以深入了解结构的能量吸收特性，并可以在评估不同的撞机能量管理设计时进行参数研究。在这项研究中，研究了详细和简化的全尺寸和按比例缩放的机身模型在垂直撞击中的动力响应。详细的全尺寸模型是由波音737机身中段组成的，包括一个坚固的辅助燃油箱和一个货门。详细的全尺寸模型从4.26 m（14 ft）的高度掉落到刚性表面上，这对应于9.14 m / s（30 ft / s）的垂直冲击速度。使用非线性显式代码LS-DYNA进行墨滴模拟。演示了详细的全尺寸模型与联邦航空管理局进行的物理测试的相关性。利用了应用于飞机机身部分的比例建模技术，并且出于比例缩放的目的，在没有辅助油箱和货舱门的情况下构建了简化的全尺寸模型。显示并讨论了简化的全尺寸模型相对于详细的全尺寸模型的碰撞响应。缩放方法涉及简化的全尺寸模型的几何缩放，缩放比例为1 / 5、1 / 10和1/20。缩放模型的垂直冲击仿真以与详细的全尺寸模型相同的冲击速度进行。利用几何，质量，速度，加速度和力的一般缩放定律来预测缩放模型的结果。这项研究中提出的方法和结果已经证明了一种有效的创新方法，可用于机身部分的设计和耐撞性。
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