Enterprise is the main body of technological innovation. In recent years, China's enterprises attach great importance to scientific and technological innovation. By using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and DEA-Malmquist index analysis approach, this paper conducts an empirical study to evaluate technological innovation efficiency of five China's high-speed rail enterprises from the year of 2012 to 2016 and confirm the main factors which influence the technological innovation of China's high-speed rail enterprises. The R&D expenditure and the R&D personnel were used as input variables, while patents, national scientific and technological awards and sales were used as output variables. Results imply that, the overall trend of technological innovation efficiency for China's high-speed rail enterprises is good; technical change is the main factor that influence the technological innovation efficiency; due to the high technical change, CRRC Corporation Limited (CRRC) and China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC) recorded the higher average total factor productivity change than other enterprises. Finally, combining with the results of the empirical study, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of improving high speed rail enterprises' technological innovation efficiency.
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