To study the low temperature charging performance of lithium-ion batteries, the electrochemical-thermal coupled model is developed. Some key parameters in the model are measured, which includes the kinetic related parameters and the thermal properties. The model is validated with the charging curves at different temperatures with two thermal boundary conditions and several C-rates. Using this model, the voltage loss during low temperature charging is broken down to electrolyte voltage loss, electrode interfacial kinetic loss and solid particle concentration polarization loss. Results show that the negative electrode intercalation kinetic loss is the dominant during low temperature charging.
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