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Sustainability Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Hanoi, Vietnam from a Social Perspective

机译：社会观点，越南河内地下水资源的可持续发展评价

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Groundwater plays a key role in public water supplies around the world. A consideration of social dimension is a key issue in the sustainable groundwater management, and making sure a safe and affordable drinking water for all is one of the main targets of 17 United Nations Development Goals. Recently in Hanoi, Vietnam, the groundwater overexploitation and contamination have been reported, which are life-threatening to the sustainable development of the community. This study is an attempt to assess the sustainability of groundwater from a social perspective. An outstanding multi-criteria decision-making approach, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is utilized here because it is suitable for sustainability assessment. In the AHP application for sustainability assessment, defining appropriate aspects and their indicators in each aspect is one of the most difficult tasks. This study proposes for the first time three main aspects including quantity, quality and management and their twelve sustainability indicators from a social point of view, based on the specific consideration of groundwater current problems in Hanoi. Hence, this study defines the index-based definitions of those sustainability indicators to clarify the way of their sustainability evaluations. Results show that the aspects and indicators are appropriate to cover Hanoi groundwater situation from a social point of view. The sustainability indices of Hanoi groundwater quantity and quality are assessed as socially good and acceptable, respectively. The sustainability index of the management aspect is assessed as socially acceptable. So that generally, Hanoi groundwater is assessed as socially acceptable.
机译：地下水在世界各地的公共供水中起着关键作用。对社会维度的思考是可持续地下水管理的关键问题，并确保所有人的安全且价格实惠的饮用水是17个联合国发展目标的主要目标之一。最近，在越南，越南，地下水过度和污染了，危及社区可持续发展危及生命。本研究表明，试图评估地下水的可持续性与社会视角。这里使用了出色的多标准决策方法，分析层次处理（AHP），因为它适用于可持续性评估。在AHP申请可持续性评估中，在每个方面定义适当的方面及其指标是最困难的任务之一。本研究提出了第一次三个主要方面，包括来自社会观点的数量，质量和管理及其十二个可持续性指标，基于河内地下水当前问题的具体考虑。因此，本研究定义了这些可持续性指标的基于指数的定义，以澄清其可持续性评估的方式。结果表明，这些方面和指标适合从社会角度覆盖河内地下水形势。河内地下水量和质量的可持续性指数分别被评估为社会良好和可接受。管理方面的可持续性指数被评估为社会可接受。因此，通常，河内地下水被评估为社会可接受。

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