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Global Dynamics and Local Synchrony: Therapeutic Prospects for Implant Learning Devices

机译：全球动力学与局部同步：植入式学习设备的治疗前景

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Improved medical care has significantly increased life expectancies, yet has also produced a growing population at risk for cognitive impairment, especially memory and learning deficits. Strategies to repair lost function traditionally resort to neurotechnology, but have been unsuccessful for cognitive functions like memory due to the considerably more complex physiology of brain tissue. Improved understanding of memory and learning is now stimulating interest in devices that can diagnose or repair impaired function; their design, however, will need to address how global mechanisms that elicit memory or learning neural activity are affected. Extensive research shows that the brain's global, executive mechanisms evoke dynamic oscillating activity that coordinates information transfer with memory circuits through synchronized oscillation, complicating the design of neurotechnologies that can selectively intervene. This paper explores the theoretical possibility for selective intervention in memory/learning circuits on the presupposition that synchronization is mediated through weakly coupled oscillation, the most widely acknowledged model for cognitive information transfer. Based on this model, the paper shows that selective synchronization with a therapeutic device is possible; however, a limited impact on executive circuits is also likely. Additionally, the paper reveals several previously unknown regulatory, dynamical features, including coupling strength modulation that sustains information transfer at lower coupling levels and noise mediated phase broadening that enhances flexibility in oscillatory control.
机译：改善的医疗服务显着提高了预期寿命，但同时也使处于认知障碍，尤其是记忆力和学习障碍的风险的人口不断增加。修复丧失功能的策略传统上是依靠神经技术，但由于大脑组织的生理机制复杂得多，因此无法成功实现诸如记忆等认知功能。现在，对记忆和学习的更深入了解激发了人们对可以诊断或修复功能受损的设备的兴趣。然而，他们的设计将需要解决引发记忆或学习神经活动的整体机制是如何受到影响的。广泛的研究表明，大脑的全局执行机制引起动态振荡活动，该活动通过同步振荡来协调信息与存储电路的信息传递，使可以选择性干预的神经技术的设计复杂化。本文探讨了在记忆/学习电路中进行选择性干预的理论可能性，其前提是同步是通过弱耦合振荡来介导的，弱耦合振荡是公认的认知信息传递模型。基于该模型，本文表明与治疗仪的选择性同步是可能的;但是，对执行电路的影响也很有限。此外，本文还揭示了一些以前未知的调节，动力学特性，包括在较低耦合水平上维持信息传递的耦合强度调制，以及增强振荡控制灵活性的噪声介导的相位展宽。

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