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Design, Construction, and Initial Results of a Prototype Multi-Contrast X-Ray Breast Imaging System

机译：原型多对比度X射线乳房成像系统的设计，构建和初步结果

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By integrating a grating-based interferometer with a clinical full field digital mammography (FFDM) system, a prototype multi-contrast, (absorption, phase, and dark field) x-ray breast imaging system was developed in this work. Unlike previous benchtop-based multi-contrast x-ray imaging systems that usually have relatively long sourcc-to-detector distance and vibration isolators or dampers for the interferometer, the FFDM hardware platform is subject to mechanical vibration and the constraint of compact system geometry. Current grating fabrication technology also imposes additional constraints on the design of the grating interferometer. Based on these technical constraints and the x-ray beam properties of the FFDM system, three gratings were designed and integrated with the FFDM system. When installing the gratings, no additional vibration damping device was used in order to test the robustness of multi-contrast imaging system against mechanical vibration. The measured visibility of the diffraction fringes was 23±3%, and two images acquired 60 minutes apart demonstrated good system reproducibility with no visible signal drift. Preliminary results generated from the prototype system demonstrate the multi-contrast imaging capability of the system. The three contrast mechanisms provide mutually complementary information of the phantom object. This prototype system provides a much needed platform for evaluating the true clinical utility of the multi-contrast x-ray imaging method for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
机译：通过将基于光栅的干涉仪与临床全场数字乳房X线摄影（FFDM）系统集成在一起，在这项工作中开发了原型多对比度（吸收，相位和暗场）X射线乳房成像系统。与以前的台式多对比度X射线成像系统不同，FFDM硬件平台容易受到机械振动和紧凑系统几何结构的限制，而以前的台式多对比度X射线成像系统通常具有相对较长的信号源到检测器距离以及用于干涉仪的振动隔离器或阻尼器。当前的光栅制造技术还对光栅干涉仪的设计施加了额外的限制。基于这些技术约束和FFDM系统的X射线束特性，设计了三个光栅并将其与FFDM系统集成在一起。当安装光栅时，没有使用额外的减振装置来测试多对比度成像系统抵抗机械振动的鲁棒性。测得的衍射条纹可见度为23±3％，相隔60分钟采集的两幅图像显示出良好的系统再现性，没有可见信号漂移。从原型系统生成的初步结果证明了该系统的多对比度成像功能。三种对比机制提供了幻像对象的互为补充的信息。该原型系统提供了一个急需的平台，用于评估用于乳腺癌诊断的多对比度X射线成像方法的真正临床实用性。

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