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Diagnostic value of sparse sampling computed tomography for radiation dose reduction: initial results

机译：稀疏采样计算机体层摄影术对减少辐射剂量的诊断价值：初步结果

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Computed Tomography (CT) is one of the most important imaging modalities in the medical domain. Ongoing demand for reduction of the X-ray radiation dose and advanced reconstruction algorithms induce ultra-low dose CT acquisitions more and more. However, though advanced reconstructions lead to improved image quality, the ratio between electronic detector noise and incoming signal decreases in ultra-low dose scans causing a degradation of the image quality and, therefore, building a boundary for radiation dose reduction. Future generations of CT scanners may allow sparse sampled data acquisitions, where the source can be switched on and off at any source position. Sparse sampled CT acquisitions could reduce photon starvation in ultra-low dose scans by distributing the energy of skipped projections to the remaining ones. In this work, we simulated sparse sampled CT acquisitions from clinical projection raw data and evaluated the diagnostic value of the reconstructions compared to conventional CT. Therefore, we simulated radiation dose reduction with different degrees of sparse sampling and with a tube current simulator. Up to four experienced radiologists rated the diagnostic quality of each dataset. By a dose reduction to 25% of the clinical dosage, images generated with 4-times sparse sampling - meaning a gap of three projections between two sampling positions - were consistently rated as diagnostic, while about 20% of the ratings for conventional CT were non-diagnostic. Therefore, our data give an initial indication that with sparse sampling a reduction to 25% of the clinical dose is feasible without loss of diagnostic value.
机译：计算机断层扫描（CT）是医学领域最重要的成像方式之一。减少X射线辐射剂量的持续需求和先进的重建算法越来越引起超低剂量CT的采集。但是，尽管先进的重建技术可以改善图像质量，但在超低剂量扫描中，电子检测器噪声与入射信号之间的比率会降低，从而导致图像质量下降，因此，为降低辐射剂量建立了界限。未来的CT扫描仪可能允许稀疏采样的数据采集，在任何位置均可打开和关闭信号源。稀疏采样的CT采集可通过将跳过的投影的能量分配给剩余的投影来减少超低剂量扫描中的光子饥饿。在这项工作中，我们从临床投影原始数据中模拟了稀疏采样的CT采集，并评估了与常规CT相比重建的诊断价值。因此，我们使用不同程度的稀疏采样和电子管电流模拟器来模拟辐射剂量的减少。多达四位经验丰富的放射科医生对每个数据集的诊断质量进行了评估。通过将剂量减少至临床剂量的25％，通过4次稀疏采样（即两个采样位置之间的三个投影之间的间隙）生成的图像始终被评为诊断级别，而常规CT的大约20％的级别为非诊断级别-诊断。因此，我们的数据初步表明，通过稀疏采样将临床剂量减少至25％是可行的，而不会失去诊断价值。

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