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Self Tuned Adaptive Filter for Estimation and Removal of Power Line Interference from Electrocardiogram

机译：自调整自适应滤波器，用于估计和消除心电图中的电源线干扰

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Electrocardiogram (ECG) becomes more vulnerable to external noises as compared to other biomedical signal and this is due to the non-invasive nature of ECG and the environment in which it is being recorded. Among other external noises, power line interference (PLI) is the most disquieting noise. In real world scenario, the problem becomes more complex due to drifts in fundamental frequency of PLI. Therefore, a high-resolution estimation of PLI frequency and its tracking is required for successful removal of PLI without affecting signal quality. Frequency estimation based on FFT, requires batch processing of data, which is not suitable for online application because of group delay. In this paper, a combination of State Space Recursive Least Square (SSRLS) adaptive filter and interpolation in time domain is employed for high resolution estimation and elimination of PLI frequency. Nevertheless, SSRLS is employed for adaptively tracking of sinusoidal component of PLI whose periodic time leads to frequency estimation in time domain; however, with low resolution depending upon sampling frequency of the signal. High resolution frequency estimation is achieved through time domain interpolation of peak segments of sinusoidal output of SSRLS with the advantage of reduced computational complexity. The performance of SSRLS is successively improved by tuning it with ongoing PLI frequency. The proposed self-tuned adaptive filter configuration is also capable of automatically tracking and removal the PLI irrespective of frequency of power system i.e, 50/60 Hz. The results show that proposed algorithm successfully removes the high-resolution frequency of PLI and tracks frequency drifts as well.
机译：与其他生物医学信号相比，心电图（ECG）更加容易受到外部噪声的干扰，这是由于ECG的非侵入性及其所记录的环境所致。在其他外部噪声中，电源线干扰（PLI）是最令人讨厌的噪声。在现实世界中，由于PLI基本频率的漂移，问题变得更加复杂。因此，要成功去除PLI而不影响信号质量，就需要对PLI频率及其跟踪进行高分辨率估计。基于FFT的频率估计需要对数据进行批处理，由于存在群延迟，因此不适合在线应用。本文将状态空间递归最小二乘（SSRLS）自适应滤波器与时域插值相结合，用于高分辨率估计和消除PLI频率。然而，SSRLS被用于自适应跟踪PLI的正弦分量，其周期时间导致时域中的频率估计。但是，分辨率较低，具体取决于信号的采样频率。通过对SSRLS的正弦输出的峰段进行时域插值，可以实现高分辨率的频率估算，并具有降低计算复杂度的优势。通过以持续的PLI频率对其进行调谐，可以连续提高SSRLS的性能。所提出的自调谐自适应滤波器配置还能够自动跟踪和去除PLI，而与电力系统的频率（即50/60 Hz）无关。结果表明，该算法成功去除了PLI的高分辨率频率，并跟踪了频率漂移。

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