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首页> 外文会议>Air and Waste Management Association annual conference and exhibition >AWMA's 112th Annual Conference Exhibition
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AWMA's 112th Annual Conference Exhibition

机译：A＆WMA第112届年会暨展览会

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Up until today, the technology used for the capture and production of pure CO_2 in post-combustion applications for both use and sequestration relies primarily on the use of chemical amine solvents such as monoethanolamine (MEA). However, these solvents require significant amounts of valuable, high-grade process heat for solvent regeneration and suffer from substantial operational and environmental issues including degradation, toxic aerosol emissions, sensitivity to flue gas contaminants, and corrosivity. CO_2 Solutions Inc (CSI) recently developed and deployed a new technology to solve these challenges by employing a non-toxic low-cost, stable salt solution as an absorption solution and the carbonic annydrase enzyme as a catalyst for carbon management. The result is both fast CO_2 absorption kinetics and significantly reduced energy costs by allowing to use low-grade heat to drive the solution regeneration. This study aims to analyze and compare the environmental profile of capture processes such as CSI, MEA and UNO MK3 (a precipitating potassium carbonate separation process). The context of the study is CO_2 capture from the flue gas stream of a 550 MW coal-fired power station in the midwestern USA. To fulfill the objective, we performed an attributional cradle-to-gate LCA comparing the three systems. This study was conducted according to the requirements of ISO 14040 & 140441, 2 and a review by an independent panel is in its final stages (report write-up). Data were mainly based on process simulation of the three technologies. The impact assessment was carried out with the Impact 2002+ method3. This method considers four indicators at endpoint level (Climate change, Human health, Ecosystem quality and Resources) and sixteen indicators at midpoint level (for instance Aquatic Acidification or Ozone formation). Results show that the CSI carbon capture unit has significantly lower potential impacts than the MEA and UNO MK3 units. The CSI system presents lower scores than the MEA and the UNO MK3 systems for all midpoint and endpoint indicators. The operation stage, and more especially its energy consumption, is the main contributor to the environmental profile of all three systems. The CSI system differs radically from the MEA and UNO MK3 systems as it can use hot water instead of steam for its regeneration step. Hot water is a waste from the power plant, whereas steam consumption reduces the production of electricity at the power plant, which needs to be compensated elsewhere. in this study, it is considered that these losses of electricity production will affect the regional market in which the power plant is located, and therefore the lost electricity is produced by an average electricity grid mix coming from this regional market. Other inputs do not contribute significantly to the environmental profile of the systems at endpoint level. Among them, chemical inputs are the top contributors. However, the midpoint category where CSI technology differentiates itself the most from other technologies is when comparing the MEA Respiratory Organics score, which is 3.5 times higher than CSI. The several sensitivity analyses conducted typically do not affect the conclusion.
机译：直到今天，用于燃烧和后封存的燃烧后应用中捕获和生产纯CO_2的技术主要依赖于使用化学胺溶剂，例如单乙醇胺（MEA）。但是，这些溶剂需要大量有价值的高级工艺热量来进行溶剂再生，并且会遭受严重的操作和环境问题，包括降解，有毒气溶胶排放，对烟气污染物的敏感性和腐蚀性。 CO_2 Solutions Inc（CSI）最近开发并部署了一项新技术，通过采用无毒，低成本，稳定的盐溶液作为吸收溶液，并使用碳烯酶作为碳管理催化剂来解决这些挑战。通过允许使用低等级的热量来驱动溶液再生，结果不仅是快速的CO_2吸收动力学，而且还显着降低了能源成本。这项研究旨在分析和比较诸如CSI，MEA和UNO MK3（沉淀碳酸钾分离过程）之类的捕获过程的环境特征。该研究的背景是从美国中西部一个550 MW燃煤电厂的烟道气中捕获CO_2。为了实现该目标，我们比较了这三个系统，执行了从摇篮到大门的LCA归因。这项研究是根据ISO 14040和140441的要求进行的，2一个独立小组的审查处于最后阶段（报告撰写）。数据主要基于这三种技术的过程仿真。影响评估是使用Impact 2002+方法3进行的。该方法在终点水平考虑了四个指标（气候变化，人类健康，生态系统质量和资源），在中点水平考虑了16个指标（例如水生酸化或臭氧形成）。结果表明，与MEA和UNO MK3装置相比，CSI碳捕集装置的潜在影响要低得多。在所有中点和终点指标上，CSI系统的得分均低于MEA和UNO MK3系统。运营阶段，尤其是其能源消耗，是这三个系统的环境概况的主要贡献者。 CSI系统与MEA和UNO MK3系统完全不同，因为它的再生步骤可以使用热水代替蒸汽。热水是发电厂产生的废物，而蒸汽消耗减少了发电厂的发电量，需要在其他地方进行补偿。在这项研究中，我们认为这些电力生产损失将影响发电厂所在的区域市场，因此，电力损失是由来自该区域市场的平均电网组合产生的。其他输入对端点级别的系统的环境状况没有显着贡献。其中，化学品投入是最大的贡献者。但是，CSI技术与其他技术最大的不同的中点类别是在比较MEA呼吸器官有机物得分时，该得分是CSI的3.5倍。通常进行的几种敏感性分析不会影响结论。

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