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Geothermal Hydrological Sustained Flow Paths in Extensional Terrain

机译：伸展地形中的地热水文持续流径

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Very basic questions regarding geothermal resources within extension terrains are: What are the dynamics of the entire hydrothermal fluid flow, and how the insight gained could be used to constrain hypothetical modeling of geothermal fluid flow. The flow path models for fluid feeding the geothermal cells need to be constrained by a broad range of geological, geochemical and geophysical data. Here the authors propose a view of the fluid dynamics of the complete cycle of non-magmatic geothermal resources specifically within the Basin and Range, and also within extension tectonic settings elsewhere including extension segments of orogenic terrains. The first portion of the pathway consists of regional-scale meteoric water slowly infiltrating downward into the saturated groundwater zone. The second portion consists of hydraulic barriers at depth that have the potential to act as collector structures. The last section of the flow path is a very localized tension-induced dilation structure that intersect one of the collector structures, creating a fluid pressure differential at depth. The conduit intersect would create the potential for water from the collector structure to flow upward toward the surface. The flow rate would be constrained by the transmissivity of both the collector structure and the up flow conduit. Dilation conduits that do not intersect an adequately permeable collector structure at depth would not host geothermal upflow. The maximum temperatures of non-magmatic geothermal resources in extension terrains are controlled by the crustal temperature gradient and the depth within the crust that the geothermal fluid has become thermally equilibrated, prior to ascending upward through the crust.
机译：关于扩展地形内的地热资源的非常基本的问题是：整个热液流的动力学是什么，以及如何将获得的见解用于约束假设的地热流模型。大量地热，地质和地球物理数据需要限制流体供入地热池的流动路径模型。在这里，作者提出了一个关于非岩浆地热资源完整循环的流体动力学的观点，特别是在盆地和山脉范围内，以及在其他延伸的构造环境中，包括造山带的延伸段。该路径的第一部分由区域性的陨石水组成，其缓慢地向下渗透到饱和的地下水带中。第二部分由深处的水力屏障组成，有可能充当收集器结构。流动路径的最后部分是一个非常局部的，由张力引起的膨胀结构，该结构与一个收集器结构相交，从而在深度处产生了流体压力差。管道相交将为水从收集器结构向上流向地面创造潜力。流速将受到收集器结构和上流导管两者的透射率的限制。在深度处不与适当渗透性的收集器结构相交的膨胀导管不会容纳地热。延伸地形中非岩浆地热资源的最高温度受地壳温度梯度和地热流体在向上上升穿过地壳之前已经达到热平衡的地壳内深度的控制。

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