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TEAM - Titan Exploration Atmospheric Microprobes

机译：团队-Titan Exploration大气微探针

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We describe a novel mission architecture to investigate the lower atmosphere of Saturn's moon, Titan. Titan is the only moon in the solar system to possess a dense atmosphere, which has important similarities to, and differences from, the Earth. Like Earth, Titan has lakes and seas on its surface [1] - although these are composed of liquid hydrocarbons and not water [2], [3]. The proposed mission concept is comprised of two elements: (1) A small satellite module (PCV, Probe Carrier Vehicle) that is deployed from a host Saturn system mission spacecraft, which can be a NASA small or medium class mission (either Discovery or New Frontiers mission class) and acts as a carrier and data relay for the entry probes; (2) Four atmospheric entry probes (EP), one per $sim 10^{mathrm{o}}$ latitude from 60-90 °N, that aerobrake and descend under parachute from $sim 135$ km to the surface, measuring profiles of temperature, winds and gas composition during the descent. Multiple probes at different latitudes are required to constrain the spatial variation in cloud formation, precipitation and the implications for lake composition. The mission concept would require a ride-share to reach the Saturn system. Currently three of the seven anticipated New Frontiers mission destinations are in the Saturn System: Saturn Probe, Enceladus and Titan itself. The TEAM (Titan Exploration Atmospheric Microprobes) mission concept is designed to be largely independent once deployed in the Saturn system, however the prime mission spacecraft (either New Frontiers or Discovery class mission) will provide the data relay from the PCV to the Earth. Key mission challenges include thermal management and probe release and navigation.
机译：我们描述了一种新颖的任务架构，以研究土星卫星土卫六的较低大气层。土卫六是太阳系中唯一拥有浓密大气的卫星，它与地球有着重要的相似之处和不同之处。像地球一样，土卫六在其表面上也有湖泊和海洋[1]-尽管这些湖泊和海洋是由液态烃而不是水组成的[2]，[3]。拟议的任务概念由两个要素组成：（1）从土星系统任务航天器部署的小型卫星模块（PCV，探测运载工具），该航天器可以是NASA的中小型任务（发现或新任务）边境任务类），并充当进入探测器的载体和数据中继; （2）四个大气进入探头（EP），每个 $ \ sim 10 ^ {\ mathrm {o}} $ 纬度在60-90°N之间， $ \ sim 135 $ 距离地面3公里，测量下降过程中的温度，风和气体成分。需要使用不同纬度的多个探测器来限制云形成，降水及其对湖泊组成的影响的空间变化。任务概念需要共享乘车才能到达土星系统。目前，预计的七个新边境任务目的地中的三个位于土星系统中：土星探测区，土卫二和土卫六本身。 TEAM（钛探测大气微探针）任务概念设计为一旦部署到土星系统中，在很大程度上是独立的，但是主要任务航天器（无论是新边疆还是探索类任务）将提供从PCV到地球的数据中继。任务的主要挑战包括热管理以及探头的释放和导航。

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