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The prevalence and risk factors of carotid artery stenosis in type 2 diabetic patients

机译：2型糖尿病患者颈动脉狭窄的患病率及危险因素

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Background and aimPatients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and carotid artery stenosis have an extreme high risk for ischemic stroke, cardiovascular and all-cause death. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for carotid stenosis development in T2D patients.Materials and MethodsThree hundred and eighty-nine patients with T2D were examined. Duplex ultrasound investigation of the extracranial carotid arteries was performed and the carotid intima-media thickness from both sides (CIMT) was determined. A study of serum concentrations of NO, calponin-1, relaxin, and L-citrulline was performed in 152 patients.ResultsThe signs of carotid arteriosclerosis were revealed in 335 patients (86%). One hundred and thirty-two patients (33.9%) had carotid stenosis of varying degree. The patients with carotid artery stenosis (group 2, n = 132), as compared to those without (group 1, n = 203) were older and had a large waist circumference, a longer diabetes duration, higher urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), all p<0.05. In group 2, NO and citrulline concentrations were significantly higher than in group 1 (p=0.005 and p=0.003 respectively). According to ROC analysis, the age ≥65 years, T2D duration ≥15 years and high serum NO concentration were determined as the risk factors for carotid stenosis. The decrease in eGFR <60 ml/min*1.73 m2, diabetic retinopathy and previous myocardial infarction increased the risk of artery stenosis also (OR 2.24; p=0.0006, OR 1.88; p=0.006, and OR 2.64; p=0.002, respectively).ConclusionsIn our cohort of T2D patients, the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis is found to be 33.9%. The presence of carotid stenosis is associated with diabetic retinopathy, reduced renal function, peripheral arterial disease, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in anamnesis. Age, diabetes duration, and high serum NO levels are the most reliable risk factors for carotid stenosis in T2D patients.
机译：背景和目的2型糖尿病（T2D）和颈动脉狭窄的患者极有发生缺血性中风，心血管疾病和全因死亡的风险。我们的研究旨在确定T2D患者颈动脉狭窄的患病率和危险因素。材料与方法研究了389例T2D患者。进行了颅外颈动脉的双路超声检查，并确定了两侧的颈动脉内中膜厚度（CIMT）。对152例患者进行了NO，钙蛋白-1，松弛素和L-瓜氨酸的血清浓度研究。结果335例患者（86％）显示出颈动脉硬化的体征。 132名患者（33.9％）患有不同程度的颈动脉狭窄。与没有颈动脉狭窄的患者（第1组，n = 203）相比，颈动脉狭窄的患者年龄较大，腰围较大，糖尿病持续时间较长，尿白蛋白/肌酐比值较高，并且较低的估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR），所有p <0.05。在第2组中，NO和瓜氨酸浓度显着高于第1组（分别为p = 0.005和p = 0.003）。根据ROC分析，确定年龄≥65岁，T2D持续时间≥15岁和血清NO浓度高是颈动脉狭窄的危险因素。 eGFR的下降<60 ml / min * 1.73 m 2 ，糖尿病性视网膜病变和先前的心肌梗塞也增加了动脉狭窄的风险（分别为OR 2.24; p = 0.0006，OR 1.88; p = 0.006，OR 2.64; p = 0.002）。发现颈动脉狭窄为33.9％。颈动脉狭窄的存在与糖尿病性视网膜病变，肾功能降低，外周动脉疾病，冠状动脉疾病和回忆中的心肌梗死有关。年龄，糖尿病持续时间和高血清NO水平是T2D患者颈动脉狭窄最可靠的危险因素。

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