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Simulation of Hydrogen Sulfide Generation in Oil and Gas Geological Formations

机译：油气地质构造中硫化氢生成的模拟

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Hydrogen sulphide generation in subsurface formation–of ten dubbed as souring--is a phenomenon that happens as a result of in-situ biodegradation reactions during and after the water-flooded reservoir. This phenomenon is caused by sulfate-reducing microorganisms, which a group composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing archaea. Sulfate-reducing bacteria, by oxidizing a carbon source, sulfate ions can be turned into hydrogen Sulfide. Furthermore, Water cut, temperature, pressure, and fluid chemistry can affect the concentration observed. This paper introduced a simulation model that describes We simulated H2 S generation (souring) at subsurface formation utilizing a 2D model. The conditions that are favorable for souring are met in the constructed model. We chose STARS- CMG--an advanced Process Thermal Compositional Simulator –to simulate the aftermath of geochemical and chemical reactions. The bacterial-induced souring. The results suggest that bacterial activity has consumed the sulfate in the aqueous phase. Such consumption was seen as the SO4 concentration dropped from 1.8e-05-6.0e-06mo1/L. The consumed SO4 was converted into H2 S or caused water souring. The souring occurrence was inferred by the sharp increase in H2 S concentration that reached a maximum of $sim$0.0006mo1/L. The introduced simulation approach could serve as a way of predicting the aftermath of biodegradation reactions that causes H2 S generation in the subsurface.
机译：在注水油藏期间和之后，由于地下生物降解反应而发生的地下现象中硫化氢的生成（被称为十个酸化现象）是一种现象。这种现象是由硫酸盐还原微生物引起的，该微生物由硫酸盐还原细菌和硫酸盐还原古细菌组成。还原硫酸盐的细菌，通过氧化碳源，可以将硫酸根离子转化为硫化氢。此外，含水率，温度，压力和流体化学性质也会影响所观察到的浓度。本文介绍了一个模拟模型，该模型描述了我们模拟H 2 利用2D模型在地下地层生成S（硫化）。在构建的模型中满足了有利于酸化的条件。我们选择了STARS- CMG（一种先进的过程热成分模拟器）来模拟地球化学和化学反应的后果。细菌引起的变酸。结果表明细菌活性已经消耗了水相中的硫酸盐。这种消耗被看作是SO4浓度从1.8e-05-6.0e-06mo1 / L下降。消耗的SO 4 被转换成H 2 S或引起水质变酸。 H的急剧增加可以推断出酸的产生 2 S浓度达到$ \ sim $ 0.0006mo1 / L的最大值。引入的模拟方法可作为预测导致H的生物降解反应的后果的一种方式 2 在地下产生S。

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