The North Sea Offshore Grid (NSOG) has been recognized as a beneficial infrastructureproject with respect to both economic and environmental concerns. Because of the absenceof a supra-national planner, system optimal investments are dependent on cooperation amongthe surrounding countries. The most valuable expansion plans at system level tend torepresent a high degree of uncertainty regarding the distribution of costs and benefits tothe individual countries and, consequently, their incentives to cooperate. In order to betterunderstand fair and stable cooperative solutions for multinational infrastructure projects, wepresent an analytic framework based on coalitional game theory. In combination with anexpansion planning model, we are able to assess different allocation schemes for costs andbenefits. Each represents different targets of fairness. Allocation schemes include the naturaloutcome without any side-payments, in addition to two other methods where side-paymentsare required, namely the Shapley value and the nucleolus. The resulting allocations aredemonstrated with a NSOG case study with varying outcomes reflecting their properties andaxioms. This could be a useful tool for decision support.
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