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首页> 外文会议>Annual national meeting American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation >WETLAND MITIGATION BANKING FOR SURFACE MINING ACTIVITIES
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WETLAND MITIGATION BANKING FOR SURFACE MINING ACTIVITIES

机译：表面采矿活动的湿地缓解银行

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This paper provides general information on wetlands regulations and the mitigation banking concept as may apply to surface mining activities. Wetland mitigation banking, while not a new concept in certain regions, is relatively new on a national basis and has only recently been accepted by the wetland regulatory and resource agencies as a viable means of addressing wetland impacts and mitigation through the Clean Water Act, Section 404 permit program. Surface mining activities under jurisdiction of the federal Office of Surface Mining (OSM) may be authorized by Corps of Engineers (COE) Nationwide Permit No. 21, or may require an individual permit. An OSM approved mitigation plan to offset wetland impacts is now required under the newly revised Nationwide Permit No. 21 (effective February 11, 1997). It is now an almost given assumption that mitigation of at least a 1:1 ratio for wetland losses will be required for the majority of COE permit actions. A mitigation bank is designed to pre-establish wetland credits that can be drawn upon over time, much like an escrow account at a financial institution. The planning, design and implementation of a mitigation bank may require several years to achieve. It, therefore, needs to be looked at as a long-term planning solution to wetland issues rather than a quick fix to immediate situations.
机译：本文提供有关湿地法规的一般信息，以及可能适用于表面挖掘活动的缓解银行概念。湿地缓解银行，虽然在某些地区不是一个新的概念，但在国家的基础上相对较新，湿地监管和资源机构只接受了通过清洁水法解决湿地影响和缓解的可行方法404允许计划。地表采矿的地表采矿活动在联邦地表矿业办公室（OSM）的管辖范围内，可以通过工程师（COE）全国范围内的第21次授权授权，或者可能需要个人许可证。根据第21号新修订的全国许可证（1997年2月11日生效），现在需要偿还抵消湿地影响的OSM批准的缓解计划。目前，几乎给出了减轻了至少1：1的减轻湿地损失比率，所以大部分COE允许的行动都需要减轻湿地损失的比例。缓解银行旨在预先建立湿地信贷，这些信贷可以随着时间的推移而被绘制，就像金融机构的托管账户一样。减缓银行的规划，设计和实施可能需要几年才能实现。因此，需要被视为湿地问题的长期规划解决方案，而不是快速修复立即情况。

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