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首页> 外文会议>Annual national meeting American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation >METALS AND OTHER COMPONENTS OF COAL MINE DRAINAGE AS RELATED TO AQUATIC LIFE STANDARDS
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METALS AND OTHER COMPONENTS OF COAL MINE DRAINAGE AS RELATED TO AQUATIC LIFE STANDARDS

机译：煤矿排水的金属和其他组成部分与水生生命标准相关

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The objective of this study was to characterize the occurrences of various metals and other contaminants in 128 different water samples from untreated coal mine drainage (CMD) as related to aquatic life water quality criteria. The water quality analyses were of untreated drainage from active, reclaimed, and abandoned surface and underground mines, as well as coal waste materials. About 75% of the study sample set had pH values less than 4.5, and the remaining samples had pH values ranging from 4.5 to 6.9. The following metals were included in the chemical analyses: ferrous and ferric iron, aluminum, manganese, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, antimony, and zinc. As would be expected by pH-controlled solubility relationships, higher metal concentrations were generally associated with lower pH values. Water hardness values were somewhat independent of pH over the range of the study sample set, but were generally very hard. This is significant since hardness usually raises the aquatic toxicity threshold for most metals (e.g., cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc). No clear correlations were found between the occurrence of manganese, which has been used as a CMD treatment surrogate, and other more toxic metals. Potentially toxic concentrations of some of these metals were found at manganese concentrations less than 2 mg/L, which is the normal effluent standard for CMD discharges. Traditional active and abandoned mine land reclamation practices have focused on discharge water quality parameters that conform to usual National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) standards. This particularly applies to the use of manganese levels as a surrogate for threshold concentrations of toxic and heavy metals in discharge waters. Given the lack of good correlation in the occurrence of manganese with these metals, the occurrences of these metals in CMD, and their concentrations relative to aquatic life criteria reclamation practices can be more protective of aquatic life if individual metal concentrations are more thoroughly considered.
机译：本研究的目的是在未处理的煤矿排水（CMD）中的128种不同水样中的各种金属和其他污染物的发生，与水生寿命标准相关。水质分析来自活性，回收和废弃的表面和地下矿山的排水，以及煤矸石。大约75％的研究样本组的pH值小于4.5，其余的样品的pH值从4.5到6.9。化学分析中包含以下金属：铁铁，铝，锰，砷，铍，镉，钴，铬，铜，锑和锌。如将通过pH控制的溶解度关系所期望的，较高的金属浓度通常与较低的pH值相关。在研究样本集的范围内，水硬度值稍微独立于pH值，但通常非常难以。这是显着的，因为硬度通常引起大多数金属的水生毒性阈值（例如，镉，铬，铜，铅，锰，镍和锌）。在锰的发生之间没有发现明确的相关性，其被用作CMD治疗替代品，以及其他毒性的毒性。在小于2mg / L的锰浓度下发现了一些这些金属的潜在毒性浓度，这是CMD放电的正常流出标准。传统的积极和废弃的矿山陆地回收实践集中在符合常规国家污染排放消除系统（NPDES）标准的排放水质参数上。这特别适用于使用锰水平作为替代出在排出水中的含有毒性和重金属的阈值浓度的替代物。鉴于这些金属发生锰的发生缺乏相关性，如果个体金属浓度更彻底地考虑，CMD在CMD中的发生，以及它们相对于水生寿命的浓度可以更加保护水生寿命。

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