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On Some Problems of Vegetation Ehabilitation in the Loess Plateau

机译：关于黄土高原植被康复的若干问题

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The Loess Plateau is one of the regions where the soil erosion is the severest and the eco-environment is the most fragile. The key factors, which influence on the environmental changes of the Loess Plateau, are soil erosion, soil and water conservation, bearing capacity of water resources and vegetation rehabilitation. The vegetation repairing and rehabilitation is the key for the ecological construction in the area. An unprecedented achievement of soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau has been obtained since 1949, but the efficiency of the forest and grassy vegetations for soil and water conservation in the whole engineering of eco-environmental construction in the area is very low, for example, the amount of blocking sands of the vegetations accounted only 0.2% for the amount of blocking sands of the whole engineering, the comprehensive benefit of the vegetations can't completely be brought into play. The paper discussed the problems related to the vegetation repairing and rehabilitation for soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau, in order to quicken the speed and to better the quality of the eco-environmental construction engineering. The problems mainly discussed as follow: A. Selecting community types: the zonal vegetations of the Loess Plateau are confirmed by precipitation, temperature and aridity, and non-zonal vegetations are decided by the micro habitats forming from landform, relief, soil, slope position, slope degree, exposure and so on. B. Selecting varieties or species of trees and grasses: keeping to the principle which trees or grasses are planted by their suitable sites, the dominant and constructive species are selected as afforesting trees and planting grasses in the area according to the distribution of the zonal and non-zonal vegetations and vegetation community composition. C. Determining the densities of vegetations: the optimum vertical configuring patterns of arbors, shrubs and grasses are determined according to the vegetation biological and ecological characteristics, physiological consumption and ecological requirement water, and the eco-environmental construction objectives, so are the optimum densities at the beginning of planting and the dynamic management of the densities. D. Forest or vegetation coverage: the optimal forest or vegetation coverage in the Loess Plateau is determined in the light of the eco-environmental construction objectives, regional economic development level, climatic fluctuations, environmental bearing capacity, especially bearing capacity of water resources. E. Response of water resources to implementing the measures of soil and water conservation: the influences of water resources in the region and whole Yellow River from the different eco-environmental construction objectives for soil and water conservation at different stages in the future.
机译：黄土高原是地区之一，水土流失最严重和生态环境最脆弱的。关键的因素，这对黄土高原环境变化的影响，是水土流失，水土保持，水资源和植被恢复的承载能力。植被修复和重建是在该地区生态建设的关键。黄土高原水土保持的前所未有的成就自1949年以来已经获得，但森林和草地植被在该地区生态环境建设的整体工程水土保持的效率非常低，例如，挡住了植被的砂量仅占0.2％，为阻止整个工程的砂量，植被的综合效益不能完全发挥出来。本文讨论了有关植被修复和康复黄土高原水土保持的问题，为了加快速度和生态环境建设工程的质量越好。 A.选择团体类型：主要讨论如下问题的黄土高原植被纬向由降水，气温和干旱，以及非地带性植被证实了微栖息地从地貌，浮雕，土，坡位形成的决定，坡度，曝光等。 B.选择的树和草品种或品种：保存到树木或草通过其合适的地点种植的原则，主导和建设性的种类根据分区和分布选定为在该地区的绿化树和草种植非地带性植被，植被群落组成。 C.确定植被的密度：的乔木，灌木和草的最佳垂直配置图案根据植被生物和生态特性，生理消耗和生态要求水和生态环境建设目标来确定，因此是最佳的密度在种植开始和密度的动态管理。 D.森林或植被覆盖：黄土高原的最佳森林或植被覆盖度在的生态环境建设目标，区域经济发展水平，气候波动，环境承载力的光来确定，尤其是轴承水资源的能力。水资源E.响应实施水土保持的措施：从在未来不同阶段的水土保持不同的生态环境建设目标，在该地区和整个黄河水资源的影响。

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