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首页> 外文会议>Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for Atmospheric Remote Sensing >Application of Active Optical Sensors to Probe the Vertical Structure of the Urban Boundary Layer and Assess Anomalies in Air Quality Model PM_(2.5) Forecasts
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Application of Active Optical Sensors to Probe the Vertical Structure of the Urban Boundary Layer and Assess Anomalies in Air Quality Model PM_(2.5) Forecasts

机译：有源光学传感器在城市边界层垂直结构探测中的应用，并评估空气质量模型中的异常（2.5）预测

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In this paper, the simulations of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Models applied to the New York City (NYC) area are assessed with the aid of vertical profiling and column integrated remote sensing measurements. First, we find that when turbulent mixing processes are dominant, the WRF-derived planetary boundary layer (PBL) height exhibits a strong linear correlation (R>0.85) with lidar-derived PBL height. In these comparisons, we estimate the PBL height from the lidar measurements using a Wavelet Covariance Transform (WCT) approach that is modified to better isolate the convective layer from the residual layer (RL). Furthermore, the WRF-Lidar PBL height comparisons are made using different PBL parameterization schemes, including the Asymmetric Convective Model-version2 (ACM2) and the Modified Blackadar (BLK) scheme (which are both runs using hindcast data), as well as the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) scheme run in forecast mode. Our findings show that the correlations for these runs are high (>0.8), but the hindcast runs exhibit smaller overall dispersion (approx=0.1) than the forecast runs. We also apply continuous 24-hour/7-day vertical ceilometer measurements to assess WRF-CMAQ model forecasts of surface PM_(2.5) (particulate matter has aerodynamic diameter <2.5 (mu)m). Strong overestimations in the surface PM_(2.5) mass that are observed in the summer prior to sunrise are particularly shown to be strongly connected to underestimations of the PBL height and less to enhanced emissions. This interpretation is consistent with observations that TEOM (Tapered Element Oscillating MicroBalance) PM_(2.5) measurements are better correlated to path-integrated CMAQ PM_(2.5) than the near-surface measurements during these periods.
机译：本文借助垂直分析和柱集成遥感测量，评估了应用于纽约市（NYC）区域的天气研究和预测（WRF）和社区多尺度空气质量（CMAQ）模型的模拟。首先，我们发现，当湍流混合过程优势时，WRF导出的行星边界层（PBL）高度具有强大的线性相关（R> 0.85），具有激光雷达衍生的PBL高度。在这些比较中，我们使用模糊协方差变换（WCT）方法来估计来自LIDAR测量的PBL高度，所述小波协方差变换（WCT）方法被修改为更好地将所述对流层与所述残余层（RL）隔离。此外，使用不同的PBL参数化方案进行WRF-LIDAR PBL高度比较，包括不对称对流模型-Veporive2（ACM2）和修改的BlackAdar（BLK）方案（两者都使用Hindcast数据运行）以及Mellor -yamada-Janjic（MyJ）计划在预测模式下运行。我们的研究结果表明，这些运行的相关性很高（> 0.8），但是HindCast运行表现出比预测运行更小的整体色散（约= 0.1）。我们还申请连续24小时/ 7天垂直的CEILETOMETER测量来评估WRF-CMAQ模型的表面PM_（2.5）（颗粒物质具有空气动力直径<2.5（mU）m）。在日出之前在夏季观察到的表面PM_（2.5）质量的强大高度尤其示出了强烈地连接到低于PBL高度的低估和更少的增强排放。这种解释与观察结果一致，即泰摩（锥形元件振荡微稳态）PM_（2.5）测量比在这些时段期间的近表面测量更好地与路径集成的CMAQ PM_（2.5）相关。

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