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RAILROAD LIFELINE DAMAGE IN EARTHQUAKES

机译：地震中的铁路生命线损坏

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摘要

A number of earthquakes have significantly affected railroads. Information regarding these effects is scattered through the literature on earthquake effects. The coverage is uneven, ranging from mention without description to the dedication of an entire volume to a detailed description of earthquake damage to the Alaska Railroad in the 1964 Alaska earthquake. Information, from the literature and from personal observation and correspondence, on the effects of about 90 of these earthquakes, beginning with the 1886 Charleston, South Carolina earthquake and ending with the 2003 Colima earthquake, is summarized and illustrated by examples from specific earthquakes. Characteristics of damaging earthquakes, damage mechanisms, effects on operations and recovery are summarized and illustrated by examples from various earthquakes. Derailments and damage to bridges, tunnels, tracks and roadbed, railroad buildings and signal and communication facilities, are described along with damage to other facilities that affected railroad operations. The extent of the affected regions is summarized for the10 earthquakes for which distances of railroad damage from the epicenters could be determined. Based on available information, it appears that, with some exceptions, recovery planning is likely to be more effective than retrofitting to reduce damage.
机译：一些地震已显著影响铁路。关于这些影响的信息是通过对地震影响的文献散。覆盖不均匀，从提而不描述整个卷到地震破坏的在1964年阿拉斯加地震的详细描述到阿拉斯加铁路的奉献。信息，从文献和个人的观察和信件，对有关这些地震的90的影响，与1886年的查尔斯顿，南卡罗来纳州地震与2003年的科利马地震结束开始，进行了总结，并通过具体的地震实例说明。破坏性地震，损伤机制的特征，对操作和恢复效果总结并通过从各种地震实施例说明。出轨和桥梁，隧道，轨道和路基，铁路建筑和信号和通讯设施的损坏，与损坏描述给其他设施，受影响的铁路运营。受影响的区域的程度总结用于从震中铁路损伤的距离可被确定块10的地震。根据现有资料，似乎有一些例外，恢复计划可能比改造，以减少伤害更有效。

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