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Constraints In Management Of Biomedical Waste In Smaller/ Rural Healthcare Settings And Possible Solutions

机译：在较小/农村医疗保健环境中管理生物医学废物的限制和可能的解决方案

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Waste production in healthcare facilities of developing countries has brought about a variety of concerns due to the use of inappropriate methods of managing the wastes. Inappropriate treatment and final disposal of the wastes can lead to adverse impacts to public health, to occupational health and safety, and to the environment. This paper summarizes the variety of constraints faced to adequately managing these wastes in rural healthcare settings. Lack of sufficient technological resources, awareness and attitude of the healthcare personnel in looking at the issue, hinders the development of adequate to moderate implementation of waste management practices in remote setups. This paper presents a case study performed in 15 rural healthcare establishments of one of the district of Kerala, India. It first highlights the prevalent waste management structure of the involved healthcare establishments before undertaking the study, then, evaluating the constraints in implementation of a waste management system, and, lastly, motivates the need for appropriate practices within in the available resources for setting up such a system. This paper also highlights the inappropriateness of chemical disinfection process with the said concentration of 1-2% of bleach solution, as mentioned in the Biomedical Waste Management (& Handling) Rules, 1998, promulgated by MoEF, Govt of India. The study have also developed an appropriate and user -friendly method tailored to the local needs for management of huge amount of sharps generated during immunization or other practices in rural healthcare settings. There is a clear need for novel approaches towards rural healthcare, particularly in creating awareness about various feasible practices to manage the healthcare waste. The holistic approach suggested by the study, though not particularly novel is technically competent and well thought out.
机译：由于使用不恰当的管理废物方法，在发展中国家的医疗机构中的废物生产带来了各种担忧。废物的不适当的待遇和最终处置可能导致对公共卫生的不利影响，以职业健康和安全以及环境。本文总结了在农村医疗环境中充分管理这些废物的各种限制。缺乏足够的技术资源，医疗保健人员的认识和态度在看问题，阻碍了充足的发展，以适度实施远程设置中的废物管理实践。本文提出了一个案例研究，在印度喀拉拉邦地区的15个农村医疗机构中进行。它首先突出了在进行研究之前突出了所涉及的医疗机构的普遍存存垃圾管理结构，然后评估实施废物管理系统的限制，最后，激励在可用资源中进行适当做法来建立这些资源一个系统。本文还突出了化学消毒过程的浓度为1-2％的漂白剂溶液，如“生物医学废物管理（＆处理）规则”，1998年，由印度的Mof，Govt颁布。该研究还开发了适当的和用户友好的方法，用于管理在农村医疗环境中免疫或其他实践期间产生的大量锐利的管理。有明确需要对农村医疗保健的新方法，特别是创造了对管理医疗保健浪费的各种可行行为的认识。这项研究提出的整体方法，但不是特别小说在技术上是有能力的，并被思考。

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