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首页> 外文会议>International Astronautical Congress >THE EFFECTS OF EXTREME ISOLATION ON LONELINESS AND COGNITIVE CONTROL PROCESSES: ANALYSES OF THE LODGEAD DATA OBTAINED DURING THE MARS105 AND THE MARS520 STUDIES
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THE EFFECTS OF EXTREME ISOLATION ON LONELINESS AND COGNITIVE CONTROL PROCESSES: ANALYSES OF THE LODGEAD DATA OBTAINED DURING THE MARS105 AND THE MARS520 STUDIES

机译：极端隔离对寂寞和认知控制过程的影响：在MARS105期间获得的LODGEAD数据和MARS520研究分析

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The LODGEAD study aims to identify the relationship between physical (e.g., confinement) and socialpsychological (e.g. loneliness) stress factors and the executive functions. Data from the Mars105 (Van Baarsen et al., 2009) and the Mars520 (Van Baarsen et al., 2011) studies were collected through (validated) psychological questionnaires, cognitive tasks, and written logs. We hypothesised that during the mission: (1) loneliness will increase, particularly at the end, (2) the expected negative relationships between loneliness and social support will become more pronounced, (3) control processes will be negatively affected, resulting in reduced efficiency. Results from the data collected during the Mars105 and the first seven months of the Mars520 studies supported the hypotheses. Overall, feelings of loneliness increased over time, particularly shortly after confinement. The average scores that were measured just before and directly following the confinement showed an increased pattern for all the loneliness items, though important individual differences were observed. Also, over time, the relationship between (lower) perceived support from colleagues and (higher) loneliness became more pronounced; however, in the long run this negative association was restricted to 3 loneliness items. Regarding the executive functions, in both the studies a clear pattern was found in that they reduced their efficacy, as shown by the backward inhibition decreasing and the switch cost increasing along with the isolation period. Under stress conditions, the inhibitory component of the executive functions became less efficient, thus the representations of all the tasks remained active and interfered with each other. With regard to the relationships between loneliness and executive functions, the results indicate that before the isolation, loneliness does not seem to affect the executive functions by itself, but that the isolation condition produces a rather general distress that affects the feeling of loneliness and the ability to cope with multiple tasks. These results might suggest that countermeasures preventing feelings of loneliness to increase during isolation can also have a positive impact on the executive functions. Our results give a first information on the effects of extended isolation on social-psychological (loneliness, professional support) and cognitive adaptation processes, and on the relation between them. The results must be interpreted with care, as they are based on a small number of participants. In the present study, data collected during the full 520 days of isolation will be analysed and discussed according to the hypotheses mentioned above.
机译：LodGead研究旨在识别物理（例如，监禁）和社会心理（例如孤独）应力因素和执行职能之间的关系。来自Mars105的数据（Van Baarsen等，2009）和Mars520（Van Baarsen等，2011）研究通过（验证）心理调查问卷，认知任务和书面日志收集。我们假设在使命期间：（1）孤独将增加，特别是在最后，（2）孤独和社会支持之间的预期负面关系将变得更加明显，（3）控制流程将受到负面影响，导致效率降低。 MARS105期间收集的数据以及MARS520研究的前七个月收集的数据支持假设。总体而言，孤独感的感觉随着时间的推移而增加，特别是在监禁后不久。在监禁之前和直接衡量的平均分数显示出所有孤独项的模式增加，尽管观察到重要的个体差异。此外，随着时间的推移，来自同事和（较高）孤独的（较低）感知支持之间的关系变得更加明显;然而，从长远来看，这种负面关联仅限于3个孤独项目。关于执行职能，在研究中，发现一种清晰的模式，因为它们降低了它们的功效，如后抑制的降低和开关成本随着隔离时段而增加。在压力条件下，行政职能的抑制成分变得效率较低，因此所有任务的陈述仍保持活跃并相互干扰。关于孤独和行政职能之间的关系，结果表明，在隔离之前，孤独似乎本身不会影响行政职能，但隔离条件会产生影响孤独感和能力的相当困难。应对多项任务。这些结果可能表明，防止在隔离期间增加孤独感的对策也可能对执行职能产生积极影响。我们的结果提供了关于扩展隔离对社会心理（孤独，专业支持）和认知适应过程的第一个信息，以及它们之间的关系。结果必须用小心解释，因为它们是基于少数参与者。在本研究中，将根据上述假设进行分析和讨论在分离的完整520天内收集的数据。

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