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Characterization of debris produced in μ-EDM process

机译:μ-EDM过程中产生的碎片表征

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This paper presents micro analysis of debris and craters formed in μ-EDM by ultra short pulsed low energy electric discharge, generated in microns gap between tiny electrodes. L-18 orthogonal array based experiments were conducted on μ-EDM setup having axis travel resolution of 0.1μm developed in authors group. The five input process variables include frequency, voltage, capacitance, spark gap, and pulse on-time of RC pulsed power supply. The debris size, shape, and microstructure phases are analyzed. Micrographs of debris produced at low energy (2.8-78 μJ) discharge shown less number of spherical particles dispersed in large number of non-spherical particles. Spherical particles are smooth individual balls, and the phase analysis performed in Image Analyzer shows mostly single phase irrespective of their size. Non-spherical particles are in the form of lumps, consisting of large number of smaller particles having a common matrix. Few of them are in the form of curled thin strips. The microstructures of non-spherical particles resemble to that of sintered particles, and at high energy discharge debris appears to be solidified. The SEM/EDS analysis shows strong counts for Fe, Mo, V and small traces of W and Co, which confirms that material erosion at cathode work piece (hot die steel - ASTM H11) is more than at anode (tungsten carbide) tool electrode. The precise examinations of debris and sub-surface damage at crater shows material phase transitions in the molten regions, material evaporation due to overheating is not found to be predominant in μ-EDM. Instead significant presence of non-spherical particles particularly at low voltage, shorter pulse on-time discharge confirms influence of thermal spalling effect. The presence of curved debris with perforated edges might be attributed to certain degree of deformation.
机译:本文通过超短脉冲低能量放电,在微小电极之间的微米间隙中产生了在μ-EDM中形成的碎片和裂隙剂的微观分析。 L-18正交阵列基于基于阵列的实验在μ-EDM设置上进行,在作者组中发挥0.1μm的轴行驶分辨率。五个输入处理变量包括RC脉冲电源的频率,电压,电容,火花隙和脉冲导通时间。分析了碎屑尺寸,形状和微观结构相。在低能量(2.8-78μJ)放电时产生的碎屑的显微照片显示较少数量的球形颗粒分散在大量的非球形颗粒中。球形颗粒是平滑的单独球,并且在图像分析仪中进行的相位分析主要显示单相,无论其尺寸如何。非球形颗粒以块状的形式,由具有常见基质的大量较小的颗粒组成。其中很少有卷曲薄带的形式。非球形颗粒类似于烧结颗粒的微观结构,并且在高能放电碎片上似乎凝固。 SEM / EDS分析显示FE,MO,V和CO的FE,MO,V和小型痕迹的强计数,这证实了阴极工件(热管钢 - ASTM H11)的材料腐蚀大于阳极(碳化钨)工具电极。碎屑和陨石坑亚表面损伤的精确检查显示熔融区中的材料相变,未发现由于过热引起的材料蒸发是主要的μ-EDM。相反,特别是在低电压下的非球形颗粒的显着存在,较短的脉冲导通放电确认热剥落效果的影响。具有穿孔边缘的弯曲碎片的存在可能归因于一定程度的变形。

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