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SYNTHESIS OF SUSPENSION SYSTEMS FOR PASSENGER VEHICLES WITH IN-WHEEL MOTORS

机译：带轮车载乘用车悬架系统的合成

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The attention of governments, car manufacturers and customers has moved to alternative energy sources and innovative powertrains due to factors like fluctuating oil prices and a stronger public and politic interest for the environment. From the actual point of view, the conversion of electrical into mechanical energy seems to be a promising approach for future powertrains. In-wheel motors are a very interesting alternative for the electrification of vehicles. Beside environmental aspects it also provides a wide range of potentials to improve vehicle dynamics and the vehicle’s driving behavior in general. However there are some open questions related with them, like the effects of the increased unsuspended masses, failure handling, cooling as well as the integration of electrical and mechanical components (electric motor, gearbox, brake system, suspension arms) within the rim. An innovative approach for the mechanical integration of in-wheel motors in several common single wheel suspension systems (e.g. McPherson, double wishbone, multilink, control blade) is presented in this paper. The developed algorithm is based on a co-simulation between Matlab~? and CATIA V5~?. Matlab~? is used as master for the control of the entire optimization process and for the interaction with the user. The suspension system kinematics is depicted using the kinematics module of CATIA V5~?. The starting point of the entire process is a simplified CAD-model of the suspension system in which the in-wheel motor should be integrated. The behavior of the desired characteristic suspension parameters is determined in the first step. Afterwards simplified geometries representing the in-wheel motor are added to the CAD-model. At this stage, first collision problems can be visually identified. The next step corresponds to a fully automated optimization routine aiming to find the position of the suspension hardpoints for which the behavior of the characteristic suspension parameters (e.g. camber, toe, roll center position, scrub radius) remains as close as possible to that of the original suspension. This reduces the influence on the vehicle’s driving behavior and on comfort aspects related with the suspension system. At the same time, collisions should be detected by the algorithm and avoided during the suspension movement (bound/rebound and steering). A gradient based optimization process is used. Because each step during the optimization cycle can be visualized in CATIA V5~?, the user can track the development of the entire process and has therefore full control over it.
机译：政府，汽车制造商和客户的注意力迁移到替代能源和创新的动力驱动因素，因为油价波动和对环境更强的公共和政治利益。从实际的角度来看，电力转化为机械能似乎是未来发动机的有希望的方法。车载轮廓是一种非常有趣的替代车辆的电气化。除了环境方面，它还提供了各种各样的潜力，以改善车辆动态和车辆的驾驶行为。然而，与它们有关的一些开放性问题，如增加的未售出的块，故障处理，冷却以及轮缘内的电气和机械部件（电动机，齿轮箱，制动系统，悬架臂）的效果。本文介绍了几种常见单轮悬架系统中车载电机的机械整合的创新方法（例如McPherson，双惠币，多链轮，控制刀片）。发达的算法基于Matlab之间的共模〜？和CATIA V5〜？ matlab〜？用作控制整个优化过程和与用户的交互控制的掌握。使用CATIA V5〜〜〜〜〜~~~~的悬架系统运动学。整个过程的起点是一种简化的CAD模型，其中悬架系统应集成在线电机。在第一步中确定所需特征悬架参数的行为。之后的简化几何形状被添加到CAD模型中。在这个阶段，可以在视觉上识别第一碰撞问题。下一步对应于全自动优化例程，其目的地寻找悬架硬点的位置，其中特征悬架参数（例如弯曲，脚趾，滚动中心位置，磨砂半径）保持尽可能接近的位置原始悬架。这降低了对车辆的驾驶行为的影响以及与悬架系统相关的舒适方面。同时，应由算法检测碰撞，并在悬架运动期间避免（绑定/反弹和转向）。使用基于梯度的优化过程。因为在优化周期期间的每个步骤可以在CATIA V5〜？，用户可以跟踪整个过程的开发，因此完全控制它。

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