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Fragmentation from heavy ion beams in HIMAC BIO room calculated with PHITS and measured with Liulin

机译：HIMAC生物室中的重离子束的碎片，用碱基测量并用Liulin测量

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The Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC), at the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, is not only an excellent cancer-treatment facility but also a facility to perform experiments related to radiation therapy, space radiation protection and basic nuclear physics. HIMAC BIO is an irradiation room used for experiments related to both radiobiology and physics. When performing such experiments, it is essential to know the experimental setup, as well as the beam characteristics, in details. The advantage of HIMAC BIO is that both narrow and broad parallel heavy ion beams (up to Φ 10 cm), with flat circular profile at the isocenter, can be used for experiments. Such beam is obtained by using scatterers, ridge filters, beam degraders, etc., similar to what is used during radiation therapy. However, these components decrease the energies of the primary beams and are sources of secondary particles. To be able to draw correct conclusions from the experimental results, and to be able to compare the measurements with simulations, it is crucial to know the real energy of the primary ions and the detailed beam composition at the location of the biological samples and the physical detectors. The energies of the primary ions are calculated from Bragg curve measurements with a Markus ionization chamber before each experiment. However, the exact beam composition including the fluence and energies of the secondary fragments and neutrons are usually unknown. The purpose of this paper is to provide detailed information about the components in the beam line at the HIMAC BIO room to facilitate accurate particle and heavy ion transport simulations of the beam characteristics. The main sources of secondary particles have been investigated, and the beam composition was calculated with the 3-dimensional general purpose Monte Carlo Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) and compared with measurements using a silicon detector (Liulin)
机译：重离子医用加速器在千叶（HIMAC），在全国学院为Quantum和放射科技，不仅是一个优秀的癌症治疗机构也执行与放射治疗的实验设施，空间辐射防护和基本核物理。 HIMAC BIO是用于与两个放射生物学和物理学实验的辐照室。当执行这样的实验，其关键是要了解的实验装置，以及光束特性，在细节。 HIMAC BIO的优点是，无论窄和宽的并行重离子束（最多Φ10厘米），具有在等中心处平的圆形轮廓，可用于实验。这种光束是通过使用散射体，脊形过滤器，光束作用的降解等，类似于被放射治疗过程中使用而获得。然而，这些部件减小主光束的能量，并且二次粒子的来源。为了能够从实验结果得出正确结论，并且能够以比较模拟的测量，关键的是要知道主离子的实际能量和详细光束组合物在生物样品和物理的位置探测器。初级离子的能量是从布拉格曲线测量与每个实验前的Markus电离室来计算。然而，包括二次片段和中子的通量和能量的确切组合物光束通常是未知的。本文的目的是提供关于在HIMAC BIO室束线组件的详细信息，以便于束特性的准确粒子和重离子迁移模拟。二次粒子的主要来源进行了研究，并用3维通用蒙特卡洛粒子和重离子运输代码系统（PHITS）计算和比较波束组合物与使用硅检测器测量（柳林）

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