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Some Flow Features at Urban Expressway On-ramp Bottlenecks in Shanghai

机译：在上海城市高速公路上的一些流动特征

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To study flow features of the on-ramp bottleneck in Shanghai’s expressways, large numbers of breakdown samples were obtained using threshold method at three typical isolated on-ramp bottlenecks. This paper focuses on analyzing the early-onset breakdown at recurrent merging bottlenecks in Shanghai, not only across the entire expressway section, but also from individual lane at all study sites. In order to measure and estimate the capacity of bottlenecks, this paper analyzed the difference between pre-queue flow (PQF) and pre-queue maximum flow (PQMF) for 5min and 15min aggregation intervals, and the distribution characteristics of both as well. Finally, some intervening variables were analyzed to explore the relationship with PQF, such as queue discharge flow (QDF), flow change rate (i.e. (QDF-PQF)/PQF), lane flow distribution ratio and merge ratio. The results show that the average PQF of the three bottlenecks is 1678 pcu/h/lane, which is far lower than those of the similar bottlenecks (2050 pcu/h/lane) in US, however, the average QDF is 1825 pcu/h/lane which has relative small difference compared with those of the similar bottlenecks (1930 pcu/h/lane) in US. Moreover, there is significant difference between PQF and PQMF. Both PQF and PQMF follow the Weibull distribution. The strong negative correlation between PQF and flow change rate was discovered, though PQF was related to QDF weakly.
机译：为了研究流动在上海的高速公路的入口匝道瓶颈的功能，使用阈值的方法在三种典型隔绝在斜坡瓶颈获得大量击穿样品。本文着重分析了在反复合并瓶颈的早发性故障在上海，不仅在整个高速公路区间，而且从根本上研究地点单独车道。为了测量和估计瓶颈的能力，分析了前队列流（PQF）和预队列的最大流量（PQMF）之间为5min和15min聚合时间间隔和两者的分布特性以及差。最后，一些中间变量进行分析，以探索与PQF，诸如队列排出流（QDF）的关系，流量变化率（即（QDF-PQF）/ PQF），泳道分流比和合并比率。结果表明，这三个瓶颈的平均PQF是1678 PCU /小时/车道，远远高于同类瓶颈（2050 PCU /小时/车道），在美国低，但是平均QDF是1825 PCU /小时/与那些类似的瓶颈（1930 PCU /小时/车道）在US相比具有相对小的差异车道。此外，还有PQF和PQMF之间显著差异。无论PQF和PQMF遵循威布尔分布。 PQF和流量变化率之间的强负相关性发现，虽然PQF呈弱相关QDF。

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