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首页> 外文会议>Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments >Solar-Powered Additive Manufacturing in Extraterrestrial Environments
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Solar-Powered Additive Manufacturing in Extraterrestrial Environments

机译：外星环境中的太阳能添加剂制造

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Kickstarting a space economy will require building communication relays, refueling depots, repair depots, habitats, and mining bases from in-situ resources in strategic locations between Earth, Moon, and Mars. Due to the high costs inherent in transporting resources from the Earth's surface to these locations, new methods of material extraction and construction are necessary. Paramount to these development requirements is the need for a low-cost and efficient means for construction of habitats and physical structures. Utilizing networks of small spacecraft and robots to perform the task will reduce cost, enable scalability, and robustness. The idea of 3D printing structures has risen to the forefront of construction methods for its ability to be sent in advance of the primary mission and build structures autonomously. Two distinct challenges are inherent in this concept: the 3D printer needs to be supplied material, and it must have the ability to generate a significant amount of energy to process the material into its final form. Refining this printing technology to be as energy and resource efficient as possible is of the utmost importance to future space missions. Once this is achieved, it will be economical to build lunar and planetary bases rooting in in-situ resource utilization. Reducing the necessary supply of material to the additive manufacturing process and the power consumption leads to a reduction in the size of these early missions. In an effort to confront these challenges, we are working to develop an additive manufacturing process based on the principles of the selective laser sintering (SLS) technique, whereby a heat source (a laser in the case of SLS) heats the material just below its liquefaction point before returning to a solid form. By replacing the laser in the SLS process with a large Fresnel lens, we aim to focus enough sunlight to be able to sinter the material and create solid shapes. In this way, the system fully relies on renewable solar energy for its operation. In this paper, we propose development of solar additive manufacturing printers for melting and use of sand for construction. The paper will analyze the conceptualization, design, and prototype construction of the solar 3D printer. Current simulations are being done in support of the printer to determine best operating parameters and performance. Lesson learned from the simulations and prototype development will be used to develop a miniature scale printer for extended experiments.
机译：启动太空经济需要在地球、月球和火星之间的战略位置利用原位资源建设通信中继站、加油站、维修站、栖息地和采矿基地。由于将资源从地球表面运输到这些地点的固有成本很高，因此有必要采用新的材料提取和施工方法。对于这些发展要求来说，最重要的是需要一种低成本和高效的方法来建造栖息地和物理结构。利用小型航天器和机器人网络执行任务将降低成本，实现可扩展性和鲁棒性。3D打印结构的概念已经上升到施工方法的前沿，因为它能够在主要任务之前发送并自动构建结构。这一概念有两个不同的挑战：3D打印机需要提供材料，并且必须能够产生大量能量，将材料加工成最终形式。改进这种印刷技术，使其尽可能节能、节约资源，对未来的太空任务至关重要。一旦实现了这一目标，建立基于原地资源利用的月球和行星基地将是经济的。减少添加剂制造过程所需的材料供应和功耗，可以减少这些早期任务的规模。为了应对这些挑战，我们正在努力开发一种基于选择性激光烧结（SLS）技术原理的添加剂制造工艺，即热源（SLS情况下的激光器）在材料液化点以下加热材料，然后再返回固体形式。通过用大型菲涅耳透镜取代SLS工艺中的激光器，我们的目标是聚焦足够的阳光，使其能够烧结材料并形成固体形状。通过这种方式，该系统的运行完全依赖可再生太阳能。在本文中，我们建议开发太阳能添加剂制造打印机，用于熔化和使用建筑用砂。本文将分析solar 3D打印机的概念、设计和原型构造。目前正在进行模拟，以支持打印机确定最佳操作参数和性能。从模拟和原型开发中获得的经验教训将用于开发用于扩展实验的微型打印机。

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