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Spectral imaging of histological and cytological specimens

机译：组织学和细胞学标本的光谱成像

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Evaluation of cell morphology by bright field microscopy is the pillar of histopathological diagnosis. The need for quantitative and objective parameters for diagnosis has given rise to the development of morphometric methods. The development of spectral imaging for biological and medical applications introduced both fields to large amounts of information extracted from a single image. Spectroscopic analysis is based on the ability of a stained histological specimen to absorb, reflect, or emit photons in ways characteristic to its interactions with specific dyes. Spectral information obtained from a histological specimen is stored in a cube whose appellate signifies the two spatial dimensions of a flat sample (x and y) and the third dimension, the spectrum, representing the light intensity for every wavelength. The spectral information stored in the cube can be further processed by morphometric analysis and quantitative procedures. Such a procedure is spectral-similarity mapping (SSM), which enables the demarcation of areas occupied by the same type of material. SSM constructs new images of the specimen, revealing areas with similar stain-macromolecule characteristics and enhancing subcellular features. Spectral imaging combined with SSM reveals nuclear organization through the differentiation stages as well as in apoptotic and necrotic conditions and identifies specifically the nucleoli domains.
机译：通过明场显微镜进行细胞形态的评价是组织病理学诊断的支柱。对诊断的定量和客观参数的需要引起了形态学方法的发展。用于生物和医学应用的光谱成像的开发将两个字段引入了从单个图像中提取的大量信息。光谱分析基于染色的组织学标本以与其与特定染料相互作用的方式吸收，反射或发射光子的能力。从组织学标本获得的光谱信息被存储在一个立方体中，其上诉人表示平坦样品（x和y）和第三维度，光谱的两个空间尺寸，表示为每个波长的光强度。存储在立方体中的光谱信息可以通过形态测量分析和定量程序进一步处理。这种过程是频谱相似性映射（SSM），其使得通过相同类型的材料占据的区域的分界。 SSM构建样品的新图像，揭示了具有相似染色大分子特征的区域和增强亚细胞特征。与SSM结合的光谱成像通过分化阶段以及凋亡和坏死条件揭示核组织，并特别是核仁结构域。

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