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首页> 外文会议>International conference on sustainable agriculture for food, energy and industry >Influences of Ameliorative Fertilization on Yields and Status of Harmful Metals (Cd, Sr, Pb, Cr And Ni) in Corn Plants
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Influences of Ameliorative Fertilization on Yields and Status of Harmful Metals (Cd, Sr, Pb, Cr And Ni) in Corn Plants

机译：改进施肥对玉米植物中有害金属产量和地位的影响及地位

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Two identical field experiments were conducted in spring 2001 on two hydromorphic soils of moderate fertility (the soil Ⅰand the soil Ⅱ, for Malino and Kobas locality, respectively) in Brod-Posavina County, the eastern Croatia. Increased rates of P and K fertilizers were applied two weeks before sowing on ordinary fertilization as follows: a) control (standard fertilization); b) a + 750 kg P_2O_5/ha; c) a + 1500 kg P_2O_5/ha; d) a + 750 kg K_2O/ha; e) a + 1500 kg K_2O/ha; f) = c + e. Monoammonium phosphate (MAP: 12% N + 52% P_2O_5) was source of P, while potash used as a source of K. The field trials were conducted in four replicates. Experimental plot of fertilization measured 64 m~2. In each plot of fertilization were grown three corn hybrids (OsSK444, OsSK552 and Bc5982). Gross of plot of corn hybrids was 28 m~2. The leaves samples (the ear-leaf at beginning of silking stage: the second decade of July) were taken for chemical analysis from two corn hybrids (OsSK444 and OsSK552) and four treatments (a, c, f, and e). Concentrations of the harmful elements (Cd, Sr, Pb, Cr and Ni) were determined by ICP-AEC technics. Significant influences of applied fertilization on grain yields were found only on the experiment Ⅰ (grain yields in t/ha): 7.63 (a), 7.94 (b), 8.97~(**) (c), 7.28 (d), 6.91~* (e) and 9.34~(**) (f). Mean yields of corn hybrids in this experiment were as follows (t/ha): 8.48~(**) (OsSK552), 7.82 (OsSK444) and 7.74 (Bc5982). In general, the concentrations of Sr, Cd, and Ni in the ear leaves at silking stage of corn were significantly higher under conditions of the soil Ⅰ (22.5 ppm Sr, 0.361 ppm Cd and 0.284 ppm Ni, compared to 16.8 ppm Sr, 0.217 ppm Cd and 0.154 ppm Ni, respectively). Applied fertilization had not effects on Pb and Ni concentrations in corn leaves. However, using of ameliorative quantity of P fertilizer resulted by increase of Sr and Cr (26.5 and 19.8 ppm Sr, as well 0.30 and 0.25 ppm Cr, for the c and a treatments, respectively), while Cd concentrations in corn leaves increased as affected by both MAP and potash and fertilization (0.25 ppm Cd for the control and mean 0.31 ppm Cd for the c, e and f treatments, respectively). By comparison of the ear leaves composition of tested two corn hybrids were found significant differences of Sr, Cd and Cr concentrations. For example, the OsSK444 hybrid characterizing lower Sr as well higher Cd and Cr levels in comparison with the OsSK552 hybrid (17.9 and 21.4 ppm Sr, 0.315 and 0.263 ppm Cd and 0.299 and 0.254 ppm Cr, for OsSK444 and OsSK552, respectively), while Pb and Ni status were similar in both hybrids (about 0.50 ppm Pb and 0.22 ppm Ni). In general, by our study was found non-toxic levels of tested elements in corn leaves and it is indication of clear environment.
机译：两种相同的现场实验是在2001年春季进行的中度生育率的两个湿润土壤（土壤Ⅰ，分别为土壤Ⅱ，分别为麦诺和Kobas地点）在克罗地亚的Brod-Posavina县。在播种普通施肥前两周施用p和钾肥率的增加：a）控制（标准施肥）; b）a + 750 kg p_2o_5 / ha; c）a + 1500 kg p_2o_5 / ha; d）a + 750 kg k_2o / ha; e）A + 1500公斤K_2O / HA; f）= C + e。磷酸单铵（MAP：12％N + 52％P_2O_5）是P的来源，而钾钾用作K的源。实地试验以四种重复进行。施肥的实验曲线测量64 m〜2。在每种施肥的剧集中，种植了三种玉米杂交种（OSSK444，OSSK552和BC5982）。玉米杂种的情节毛的表现为28米〜2。叶样品（纯洁阶段开始时的耳叶：7月的第二十年）是从两种玉米杂交种（OSSK444和OSSK552）和四种处理（A，C，F和E）的化学分析。有害元素（CD，SR，Pb，Cr和Ni）的浓度由ICP-AEC技术确定。仅在实验Ⅰ（T / HA中的谷物产量）（T / HA中的谷物产量）（谷物产量），7.63（a），7.94（**）（c），7.28（d），6.91，施用施肥对谷物产量的显着影响〜*（e）和9.34〜（**）（f）。该实验中的玉米杂种的平均产量如下（T / HA）：8.48〜（**）（OSSK552），7.82（OSSK444）和7.74（BC5982）。通常，在玉米织织物的耳朵叶片中的Sr，Cd和Ni的浓度明显高于土壤Ⅰ条件（22.5ppm，0.361ppm Cd和0.284ppm Ni，与16.8ppm sr，0.217相比，0.217 PPM CD分别和0.154ppm Ni）。应用施肥对玉米叶中的Pb和Ni浓度没有影响。但是，使用水化量的P肥料通过SR和Cr（26.5和19.8ppm Sr，同时为0.30和0.25ppm Cr，分别用于C和治疗），而玉米叶中的Cd浓度随着影响而增加通过地图和钾肥和施肥（对照0.25ppm Cd，分别为C，E和F治疗的平均0.31ppm Cd）。通过对耳朵的比较，测试的两种玉米杂种的组成有显着差异，Sr，Cd和Cr浓度显着差异。例如，与OSSK552杂交（17.9和21.4ppm SR，0.299和0.254ppm，分别为oSSk552杂交（17.9和21.4 ppm，0.299和0.254ppm，分别为ossk444杂交表征较低的Sr和Cr水平的CD和Cr水平。杂种（约0.50ppm Pb和0.22ppm Ni）中的Pb和Ni状态相似。一般来说，通过我们的研究发现玉米叶中的无毒水平的测试元素，它是清晰环境的指示。

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