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Comparative analysis of sensitivity of different light scattering techniques to blood oxygenation on the basis of multilayer tissue model

机译：基于多层组织模型的不同光散射技术对血氧血液氧化敏感性的比较分析

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This paper compares sensitivity to blood oxygenation of different schemes of detecting light scattered from or transmitted through a slab of tissue considered in the frames of a multilayer model. Comparison is made from the viewpoint of the sensitivity to oxygen saturation of certain blood volume confined within lower layers of different average thicknesses mimicking the upper and lower plexuses of skin, dermis and hypodermis. The model also includes upper layers, mimicking stratum corneum and epidermis, consisting of prickle and basal cell layers. The following signals were simulated with Monte Carlo technique and compared: diffuse scattering indicatrice, OCT signal, spatially resolved diffuse reflectance, time-of-flight and spectrophotometry signals. The optical parameters of the layers were chosen within the ranges corresponding to experimental data published in literature and our own OCT measurements. Heyney-Greenstein function was used as a phase function for all considered layers with anisotropy factor value varying for various layers. Blood fractions of different layers were chosen according to available data for diastolic state. We considered two wavelengths of 660 and 890 nm, located at different sides of the isobestic point of 805 nm, where the absorption coefficients of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin are equal. These wavelengths are used in pulse oximetry. Our simulation results show, that the highest sensitivity to changes in oxygen content in blood is at the wavelength of 660 nm, where the difference between absorption coefficient values is significant. For this wavelength all the techniques except OCT show good sensitivity to blood oxygenation in the model tissue. For the second wavelength goniophotometry, spatially resolved diffuse reflectance, and spectorphotometry exhibit sensitivity to oxygenation, but it is lower than for 660 nm due to a smaller absorption coefficient mismatch.
机译：本文将不同方案的血氧对散射或通过多层模型的帧中考虑的组织散射或透射的光的不同方案的血氧敏感性。从敏感性对某些血容量的血清饱和的观点来进行比较，限制在模仿皮肤，真皮和皮下注射的上部和下丛的不同平均厚度的下层。该模型还包括上层，模拟地层和表皮，由Prickle和基础细胞层组成。用蒙特卡罗技术模拟以下信号，并比较：漫射散射指示，OCT信号，空间分辨漫反射，飞行时间和分光光度法信号。选择层的光学参数在对应于文献中发表的实验数据和我们自己的OCT测量的范围内选择。 Heyney-Greenstein函数被用作所有所考虑的层的相位函数，各个层的各向异性因子值变化。根据可用数据选择不同层的血液部分，用于舒张状态。我们认为两个波长为660和890nm，位于805nm的异常点的不同侧，其中氧化和脱氧血红蛋白的吸收系数是相等的。这些波长用于脉冲血氧速率。我们的仿真结果表明，血液中氧含量变化的最高敏感性在660nm的波长下，吸收系数值之间的差异是显着的。对于这种波长，除了OCT之外的所有技术都显示出模型组织中的血氧良好的敏感性。对于第二波长测角光度法，空间分辨漫反射，并表现出spectorphotometry敏感性氧合作用，但它由于较小的吸收系数不匹配是比660纳米以下。

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