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INORGANICS DRIVEN HIGH TEMPERATURE FOULING OF METAL SURFACES IN OIL REFINING

机译：无机驱动炼油中金属表面的高温污染

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The delayed coking process has emerged as the preferred technology for upgrading the residue fractions of heavy oil and bitumen. One significant drawback for this process is the fouling of the furnace that heats the feed. Deposits accumulate on the interior of the furnace tubes, requiring a gradual increase in furnace temperature and thus fuel consumption to run the unit, giving a concomitant increase in greenhouse gas emissions and cost.[1] Eventually, the deposits become thick enough that the furnace tubes must be cleaned or replaced. Similar problems are encountered in a variety of related applications where thick poorly heat conducting buildups occur and decrease thermal efficiency. Despite the numerous detailed studies on fouling mechanisms, there is still a need to better explain how the metallurgical corrosion reactions that take place at the oil-steel interface in the liquid phase, produce the elements found in the coke, temperatures between 550-700°C. This operating regime is the primary focus of this study. Our hypothesis is that corrosion reactions are important at the temperatures of interest (e.g. oil at 250- 450°C, metal surface in excess of 550°C). In order to investigate the role of corrosion in a coking environment that is relevant to industrial furnaces, we submerged heated alloy and pure iron wires in a batch of crude oil under controlled conditions. The wires and the surface deposits were then characterized by a combination of surface and bulk analytical techniques.[2,3,4]
机译：延迟的焦化过程是升级重油和沥青的残留物分数的首选技术。这个过程的一个显着缺点是加热饲料的炉子的污垢。沉积物积聚在炉子管的内部，要求炉温逐渐增加，从而燃料消耗来运行该装置，伴随着温室气体排放和成本的伴随地增加。[1]最终，沉积物足够厚的炉子必须清洁或更换炉子管。在各种相关应用中遇到了类似的问题，其中发生厚的热传导累积和降低热效率。尽管有许多关于污垢机制的详细研究，但仍然需要更好地解释液相中油钢界面发生的冶金腐蚀反应如何产生焦炭中发现的元素，温度在550-700°之间C。该操作制度是本研究的主要焦点。我们的假设是腐蚀反应在感兴趣的温度（例如，250-450℃的油，金属表面超过550℃）的重要性。为了调查腐蚀在与工业炉相关的焦化环境中的作用，我们在受控条件下批量原油中淹没加热合金和纯铁电线。然后通过表面和散装分析技术的组合表征线和表面沉积物。[2,3,4]

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