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Orographic Cloud Development Paired with Atmospheric Vortex Dynamics on Uranus and Neptune

机译：在天王星和海王星上与大气涡旋动态配对的地形云发展

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Large geophysical vortices provide some of the most dramatic atmospheric features in the solar system. Common examples include terrestrial hurricanes and the Great Red Spot of Jupiter, but similar vortex features on the Ice Giants of Uranus and Neptune are not as well known. Several vortices, known as Dark Spots for their relatively darker blue coloration compared to the background atmosphere, have appears on these planets. The most notable and best-observed remains the original Great Dark Spot discovered by Voyager II in 1989. Through eight months of observation the spot drifted towards the equator by ten degrees in latitude and oscillated in shape over an eight-day period during the month of closest observation. However, the Great Dark Spot was not alone, accompanied by persistent orographic methane clouds known as the Bright Companion. Such cloud-vortex pairings have repeated with other dark spots in the past two decades, indicating that they are a recurring feature of these atmospheres. In at least recent case, such a pairing may only be visible due to its cloud features, with the vortex generating no appreciable background contrast. Numerical research on these features suggests that the clouds influence the dynamics of these systems, and as such are critical to understanding the physics governing the vortex motions.
机译：大型地球物理涡旋在太阳系中提供了一些最戏剧性的大气功能。常见的例子包括陆地飓风和木星的巨大红斑，但天王星的冰巨人和海王星的类似涡旋特征也不是众所周知的。与背景气氛相比，几个涡流，被称为暗点，为其相对较深的蓝色着色，在这些行星上出现。最值得注意和最佳观察到的仍然是1989年的Voyager II发现的原始巨大暗点。通过八个月的观察观察，点在纬度朝赤道漂移十个，并在本月的八天内以八天的八天振荡最近的观察。然而，暗淡的暗点并不孤单，伴有持续的地形甲烷云，称为明亮的伴侣。在过去二十年中，这种云涡旋配对与其他黑点重复，表明它们是这些气氛的重复特征。在至少最近的情况下，这种配对可以由于其云特征而仅可见，并且涡流产生没有明显的背景对比度。这些特征的数值研究表明云影响这些系统的动态，因此对理解涡流运动的物理来说至关重要。

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