Position input for navigation is becoming increasingly reliant on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) across all sectors of transport. However, GNSS is vulnerable to signal interference. Deliberate and accidental jamming can system unusable at a particular time or location, while faults affecting individual signals can also arise. Under such conditions, GNSS equipment, including systems on ships' bridges and GNSS-enabled Aids-to- Navigation (AtoN), can produce us position solutions, which are then fed to safety-related systems such as electronic charts/displays and Automatic Identification Systems (AIS). In January 2012, the GNSS Research and Applications Centre (GRACE) at the University of Nottingham was tasked by the General lighthouse Authorities to investigate current trends in 'hardening' GNSS technology against signal interference, to support GLA policy development and research prioritisation in the context of e-Navigation which is to be established in the 2015 - 2022 timeframe.
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