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The Mahali Project: Deployment Experiences from a Field Campaign in Alaska

机译：Mahali项目：Alaska的野外活动部署经验

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The Mahali Space Weather Monitoring project, funded by the U. S. National Science Foundation, has a research goal of forming a global space weather monitoring network based on an architecture that utilizes GNSS receivers powered by solar panels, wireless communication, and mobile devices, such as phones and tablets. Mahali concepts strategically exploit existing GNSS infrastructure - more specifically, delays in multifrequency GNSS signals - to acquire a vast set of global total electron content (TEC) estimates. With connectivity available worldwide, mobile devices are excellent candidates to establish crowd sourced global relays that feed multi-frequency GNSS sensor data into a cloudprocessing environment. Once the GNSS data is in the cloud, a picture of Earth's near space environment, and its dynamic changes, can be reconstructed and broadcast globally. This paper focuses specifically on Mahali project research that directly addresses the feasibility of establishing a network of receivers in remote, hard to access, locations. We describe here a recent deployment of nine Wi-Fi enabled Mahali boxes in Alaska. Each of these Mahali boxes consists of a solar panel, a battery, a GPS receiver and antenna, a small micro-computer, and a Wi-Fi access point. For crowd-sourced data access, regular smartphones were equipped with a specific Mahali data relay application ("app") allowing for easy data download from the Mahali box and data upload to the cloud. The relay and crowdsourcing through the app were necessary because there were no network connections, or even cell phone coverage, at the majority of the deployment locations. Mahali boxes were located along the Dalton and Steese highways in Alaska at locations up to 100 miles northeast and northwest of the Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), a US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) suborbital rocket launch facility near Fairbanks, Alaska. Alaska is in a particularly interesting geophysical location in the subauroral/auroral region due to its proximity to important atmospheric boundaries where rapid motions, dynamic energy input, and other high latitude effects occur. Furthermore, ionospheric impacts from intense geomagnetic disturbances, such auroras, are frequently viewed. The longer ～100 mile GNSS baselines enabled by the Mahali project contain significant ionospheric information that, when extracted, allow reconstruction of the movement of ionospheric irregularities produced by auroral disturbances. Mahali data are also well suited for energy and momentum transfer studies that examine sources such as atmospheric gravity waves, along with volumetric studies of auroral arcs and other ionospheric fine-scale structure.
机译：由美国国家科学基金会资助的Mahali Space天气监测项目具有基于使用由太阳能电池板，无线通信和移动设备（例如手机）提供的GNSS接收器的架构的全球空间天气监测网络的研究目标。和平板电脑。 Mahali概念策略性地利用现有的GNSS基础设施 - 更具体地说，延迟了多频GNSS信号 - 以获取大量全局全电子含量（TEC）估计。通过全球可用的连接，移动设备是建立多频GNSS传感器数据的人群源全局继电器的优秀候选者，以将多频GNSS传感器数据送入CloudProcessing环境。一旦GNSS数据处于云中，可以在全球范围内重建和广播地球附近空间环境的图片及其动态变化。本文专注于Mahali项目研究，直接解决了在遥控器中建立接收器网络的可行性，难以访问，地点。我们在此描述最近在阿拉斯加的九个Wi-Fi启用Mahali盒子部署。这些Mahali盒中的每一个都由太阳能电池板，电池，GPS接收器和天线，小型微型计算机和Wi-Fi接入点组成。对于人群源数据访问，常规智能手机配备了特定的Mahali数据继电器应用程序（“APP”），允许从Mahali Box和数据上传到云的数据下载。通过该应用程序的继电器和众所周心是必要的，因为在大多数部署位置都没有网络连接，甚至是手机覆盖范围。 Mahali盒子位于阿拉斯加的达尔顿和Steese高速公路，位于东北和扑克扁平研究范围（PFRR），美国国家航空航天局（美国宇航局）副岩体火箭发射设施，阿拉斯加附近的扑克普通研究范围（PFRR）。阿拉斯加由于其靠近重要的大气边界，因此在亚尾/极光区域中是特别有趣的地球物理位置，其中发生了快速运动，动态能量输入和其他高纬度效应。此外，经常观察来自强烈地磁紊乱的电离层的影响，这种极光紊乱。 Mahali项目启用的较长〜100英里的GNSS基线包含显着的电离层信息，当提取时，允许重建由极光扰动产生的电离层畸形的运动。 Mahali数据也非常适用于能量和动量转移研究，以检查诸如大气重力波等源，以及极光弧和其他电离层细尺结构的体积研究。

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