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首页> 外文会议>SAE International Powertrains, Fuels Lubricants Meeting >Assessing Boost-Assist Options for Turbocharged Engines Using 1-D Engine Simulation and Model Predictive Control
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Assessing Boost-Assist Options for Turbocharged Engines Using 1-D Engine Simulation and Model Predictive Control

机译：使用1-D发动机仿真和模型预测控制评估涡轮增压发动机的提升辅助选项

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Delivering acceptable low end torque and good transient response is a significant challenge for all turbocharged engines. As downsized gasoline engines and Diesel engines make up a larger and larger proportion of the light-duty engines entering the market, the issue takes on greater significance. Several schemes have been proposed to improve torque response in highly boosted engines, including the use of electrical assist turbochargers and compressed air assist. In this paper we examine these methods with respect to their effectiveness in improving transient response and their relative performance along with some of the practical considerations for real world application. Results shown in this paper are from 1-D simulations using the Ricardo WAVE software package. The simulation model is based on a production light-duty Diesel engine modified to allow the introduction of compressed air at various points in the air-path as well as direct torque application to the turbocharger shaft (such as might be available from an electrical assist turbocharger). Whilst the 1-D simulation software provides a suitable environment for investigating the various boost assistance options, the overall air path performance also depends upon the control system. The introduction of boost assistance complicates the control in two significant ways: the system may run into constraints (such as compressor surge) that are not encountered in normal operation and the assistance introduces an additional control input. Production engine controllers are usually based on gain-scheduled PID control and extensive calibration. For this study, the non-linear nature of the engine together with the multiple configurations considered and the slower than real-time execution of 1-D models makes such an approach time consuming. Moreover, an ad-hoc approach would leave some doubt as to the fairness of comparisons between the different boost-assist options. Model Predictive Control has been shown to offer a convenient approach to controlling the 1-D simulations in a close to optimal manner for a typical Diesel VGT-EGR air path configuration. We show that the same technique can be applied to all the considered assistance methods with only modest calibration effort required.
机译：提供可接受的低端扭矩和良好的瞬态反应是所有涡轮增压发动机的重要挑战。由于缩小汽油发动机和柴油发动机占进入市场的轻型发动机的较大且较大比例，问题提高了更大的意义。已经提出了几种方案来改善高压发动机中的扭矩响应，包括使用电气辅助涡轮增压器和压缩空气辅助。在本文中，我们在改善瞬态响应及其相对绩效方面，研究了这些方法以及对现实世界应用的一些实际考虑。本文显示的结果是使用Ricardo Wave软件包的1-D模拟。仿真模型基于生产轻型柴油发动机，以允许在空气路径中的各个点处引入压缩空气以及直接扭矩施加到涡轮增压器轴（例如，可以从电气辅助涡轮增压器提供）。虽然1-D仿真软件为调查各种升压辅助选项提供了合适的环境，但总体空气路径性能也取决于控制系统。升压救助的引入以两种显着的方式使控件复杂化：系统可能遇到在正常操作中不遇到的约束（如压缩机浪涌），并且辅助引入额外的控制输入。生产引擎控制器通常基于增益预定的PID控制和广泛的校准。对于该研究，发动机的非线性性质与考虑的多种配置以及比1-D模型的实时执行慢的速度较慢，使得这种接近耗时。此外，Ad-hoc方法会对不同的提升辅助选择之间的比较的公平感到疑问。模型预测控制已被证明提供了一种方便的方法来控制1-D模拟，以接近典型的柴油VGT-EGR空气路径配置。我们表明，只需要适度的校准工作，可以应用于所有考虑的辅助方法。

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