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Influence of ball properties on simulated ball-to-head impacts

机译：球性能对模拟球对大冲击的影响

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The risk of injury is an unfortunate reality in sporting events of all types and all levels of competition. In many sports, ball properties are held to strict standards to maintain high levels of consistency and performance. Quantitative knowledge of how materials affect player safety is important in the development of ball performance standards. To increase our understanding of the relationship between the properties of sports balls and the potential for player injury, we constructed a finite element model of ball-to-head impacts. Our simulations combined leading finite element models of softballs and the Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS). Frontal and lateral impacts to the head were simulated using two different ball models, and for initial ball velocities ranging from 26.8 m/s to 53.6 m/s. While the ball models were approved for the same level of play, their stiffness differed by 30%, resulting in up to a 63.7% difference in skull impact stress for the same impact conditions. The results show that injury severity is a strong function of ball material properties and can differ measurably with ball model, even with balls designed for the same level of play.
机译：伤害风险是所有类型和各种竞争层面的体育赛事中的不幸现实。在许多体育中，球属性被认为是严格的标准，以保持高水平的一致性和性能。对材料如何影响球员安全的定量知识在球性能标准的发展中是重要的。为了提高我们对体育球物业与球员伤害的潜力之间的关系的理解，我们构建了一个有限元的球形撞击元件。我们的模拟组合领先的垒球有限元模型和安全（Thums）的总人体模型。使用两种不同的球模型模拟对头部的正面和横向冲击，并且对于初始球速度，从26.​​8 m / s范围为53.6 m / s。虽然球模型被批准用于相同水平的比例，但它们的刚度不同30％，导致颅骨冲击应力差异差异高达63.7％。结果表明，伤害严重程度是球形物质的强大功能，并且可以与球模型有尺寸的差异，即使球形设计用于相同的比例。

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