The aim of the present study was the determination of potential ways to avoid environmental contaminations by antibacterials.since their frequent use of antimicrobials in livestock farming poses a risk for the contamination of the environment (especially soil,surface water and dust).In the present study,the effect of different pharmaceutical formulations on the entry of the sulfonamide sulfadiazine(used as test compound)into the environment was investigated in pigs.Six pigs were orally treated with two formulations of sulfadiazine(25 mg/kg; powder vs.pellets)over four days to obtain information about the effect of different formulations on the environmental contamination.To study a carry over via the environment,the treated pigs were replaced hy non-treated pigs on day 5.Thereafter,blood and urine samples of the pigs and samples of sedimented dust in the stable were analysed for sulfadiazine,as well as air filters installed apart from the housing compartment.Therefore,UV/VIS-High performance liquid chromatography was used.Powder and pellet feeding result in comparahle plasma and urine levels,hut massive differences in the environmental pollution.Pellets decrease the entry of sulfadiazine into the stable.Non-treated pigs housing in a contaminated stable after powder treatment of sulfadiazine exhihit traces of sulfadiazine in plasma and urine.Using pharmaceutical formulations like pellets,the environmental pollution of sulfonamides can be diminished significantly compared with powder due to a massive dust reduction during the feeding process.Nevertheless,carry over processes have to be considered.
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