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首页> 外文会议>World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium >Essence of Daylight in the Cistercian Monastic Church of S. Bento de Castris, Evora, Portugal
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Essence of Daylight in the Cistercian Monastic Church of S. Bento de Castris, Evora, Portugal

机译：日光的本质在科特托德卡特里斯，埃沃纳，葡萄牙的Cistercian修道院教堂

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摘要

Natural light in the Cistercian churches is closely linked not only with the liturgical requirements at the 'officium' but also with the canonical hours based on the 'ora et labora' dictated by the Rule of St. Benedict. The Cistercian architecture, in its beginnings (12th century forward) is characterized by austerity, simplicity and the play of light and shadow that gives value to the monastic architectural space itself, making it perfect for a contemplative experience. In the Cistercian Monastery the church is the central piece of the monastic building. Nave, transept and apse are the main architectural components to which is added the choir. This paper contextualizes the importance and close connections of natural light, within the Cistercian Monasteries architecture. Thus the essence of daylight is analysed within the Church of the Monastery of S. Bento de Castris, in Evora, Portugal. This former Monastery (13th - 19th centuries) includes the church, at the south-eastern corner which has not only a high choir, but also a low lateral choir (within the presbytery). Its unchanged exterior walls are made of solid masonry. Although the function of the walls is primarily structural, the windows allow the daylight to penetrate the space of the church. The church has two external facades facing northeast and southeast. The combined orientation effect of the church's main axis and the sun trajectory determines how the sunlight reaches the interior of this architectural structure. This study presents the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the luminous environment in the church of S. Bento de Castris, being the first based on the authors' perception of the effect of the daylight within the different areas of the enclosed space. The appreciation of the spatial experiences was supported by quantitative daylight simulations that were conducted in selected areas within the space. With this paper is intended to contribute to the debate about the specificity of daylight, in the context of Cistercian architecture.
机译：Cistercian教堂的自然光线不仅与“职员”的宗教要求密切相关，而且在规范时间内基于由圣本尼迪克统治的“ora et labla”决定的规范。在其开端（12世纪前进）的基督教建筑的特点是紧缩，简单和光影的戏剧，使其成为修道院建筑空间本身的价值，使其成为沉思的体验。在Cistercian修道院，教堂是修道院建筑的核心部分。 Nave，Transept和APSE是加入合唱团的主要架构组件。本文在Cistercian修道院架构内，阐述了自然光的重要性和密切连接。因此，在葡萄牙埃弗拉的S. Bento de Castris修道院教堂内分析了日光的本质。这位前修道院（13世纪 - 19世纪）包括教堂，在东南角，不仅具有高合唱团，而且还有一个低横向合唱团（在长老会内）。其不变的外墙是由固体砌体制成的。虽然墙壁的功能主要是结构性的，但窗户允许日光穿透教堂的空间。教堂有两个面向东北和东南的外墙。教堂的主轴和太阳轨迹的组合方向效果决定了阳光如何达到这种建筑结构的内部。本研究介绍了S. Bento de Castris教堂的发光环境的定性和定量分析，是基于作者对封闭空间不同区域内日光效果的感知。通过在空间内的选定区域进行的定量日光模拟支持空间经验的升值。本文旨在为秘书建筑的背景下有关日光特异性的争论。

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